重庆市渝中区学龄前儿童流感疫苗接种情况及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 07:11

本文选题：学龄前儿童　切入点：流感疫苗　出处：《第三军医大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:了解重庆市渝中区学龄前儿童流行性感冒(流感)疫苗接种情况,掌握儿童家长对流感疫苗的知晓情况和态度,分析影响学龄前儿童流感疫苗接种率的主要因素,为进一步推广流感疫苗提出针对性措施,同时为国家科学制定有关策略提供有价值的参考。方法:流感疫苗接种率调查采用完全随机抽样方法,抽取重庆市渝中区22个预防接种门诊2004～2010年出生的学龄前儿童,收集所有入选对象使用流感疫苗的预防接种卡资料进行研究。流感疫苗接种率影响因素采用定量与定性方法相结合,从流感疫苗接受方和提供方两个层面来分析:定量调查采用分层随机抽样法,抽取各年龄段学龄前儿童家长进行问卷调查通过单因素和多因素分析方法;定性研究采用目的抽样法选取接种点医生进行小组访谈、儿童家长和免疫规划专家分别进行深入小组访谈。通过上述方法筛选和分析影响渝中区学龄前儿童流感疫苗接种率的相关因素。结果:通过对3630名渝中区出生年份在2004~2010年的儿童流感疫苗接种情况进行调查发现,疫苗的接种率低,全程接种率更低,但总体呈上升趋势。首针接种月龄为11.13月,首针接种月龄随年龄增长有延后现象。通过开展流感疫苗接种率的影响因素调查,从预防接种的接受方来看,父母学历、出生地和胎次对流感疫苗接种有显著性影响;从预防接种的提供方来看,医疗卫生机构人力资源不足,对疫苗知识和信息的宣传不够,疫苗价格较高等会制约疫苗的推广。结论:流感疫苗在渝中区的接种覆盖水平已逐渐得到提高,目前全区儿童的全程接种率水平尚不能达到良好的群体免疫效果和长期保护力的要求。今后,应针对儿童预防接种工作的提供方和接受方两方面的影响因素,分别采取有效措施,制定出更加适宜的疫苗推广策略,切实提高流感疫苗接种率,更好地保护全区儿童健康。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the situation of influenza vaccination of preschool children in Yuzhong District of Chongqing, to understand the knowledge and attitude of parents on influenza vaccine, and to analyze the main factors affecting the coverage rate of influenza vaccine for preschool children.In order to further promote influenza vaccine, and provide valuable reference for the national science to formulate relevant strategies.Methods: the total random sampling method was used to investigate the coverage rate of influenza vaccine, and 22 preschool children born in Yuzhong District of Chongqing from 2004 to 2010 were selected, and the data of vaccination cards were collected.The influent factors of influenza vaccine coverage rate were analyzed from two aspects of influenza vaccine recipient and provider by quantitative and qualitative methods: stratified random sampling was used in the quantitative investigation.The parents of preschool children of all ages were investigated by single factor and multivariate analysis. The qualitative study used objective sampling method to select the inoculation point doctor for group interview.Child parents and immunization experts conducted in-depth group interviews.The above methods were used to screen and analyze the related factors affecting the coverage rate of influenza vaccine for preschool children in Yuzhong District.Results: 3630 children born in Yuzhong District from 2004 to 2010 were inoculated with influenza vaccine. The results showed that the vaccination rate was lower and the whole vaccination rate was lower, but the overall trend was on the rise.The age of the first needle inoculation was 11.13 months, and the first needle inoculation age was delayed with the increase of age.By investigating the factors influencing the vaccination rate of influenza vaccine, from the perspective of the recipient of vaccination, the educational background of parents, the place of birth and the number of births have a significant impact on influenza vaccination; from the point of view of the provider of vaccination,The shortage of human resources, the lack of knowledge and information about vaccines, and the high price of vaccines will restrict the promotion of vaccines.Conclusion: the coverage level of influenza vaccine in Yuzhong District has been gradually improved. At present, the whole coverage rate of children in Yuzhong District can not meet the requirements of good group immunization effect and long-term protective power.In the future, effective measures should be taken to formulate more appropriate strategies for the promotion of influenza vaccine in view of the factors affecting both providers and recipients of child vaccination, so as to increase the coverage rate of influenza vaccine.To better protect the health of children throughout the region.
【学位授予单位】：第三军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R186

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