肿瘤化疗患者医院感染的危险因素分析

发布时间：2018-04-18 11:48

本文选题：肿瘤 + 化疗　；参考：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年19期

【摘要】：目的研究肿瘤化疗患者医院感染病原菌的耐药性以及感染因素,指导控制和治疗肿瘤化疗患者医院感染。方法选取2011年3月-2012年12月进行化疗的肿瘤患者685例,记录发生感染患者的病例数;对感染患者送检标本进行分离培养病原菌;采用K-B琼脂试验检测病原菌的耐药性,并研究感染的危险因素。结果 685例肿瘤化疗患者发生医院感染75例,感染率10.95%;感染部位以呼吸道为主占53.33%,其次为消化道、泌尿道、生殖道及皮肤感染,分别占17.34%、12.00%、8.00%及5.33%;共分离出病原菌82株,其中革兰阳性菌36株占43.90%,革兰阴性菌39株占47.56%,真菌7株占8.54%;革兰阳性菌对利奈唑胺、革兰阴性菌对美罗培南、真菌对制菌霉素的耐药率均为0;肿瘤患者发生医院感染的危险因素为患者年龄大、化疗时间长、合并其他疾病、进行侵入性操作、未应用抗菌药物预防。结论肿瘤化疗患者是医院感染的高危人群,医护工作人员应采取措施控制化疗患者医院感染的发生,选用耐药率低的抗菌药物进行及时治疗。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the drug resistance and infection factors of nosocomial infection in tumor chemotherapy patients and to guide the control and treatment of nosocomial infection.Methods from March 2011 to December 2012, 685 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were selected to record the number of infected patients, to isolate and culture pathogens from infected specimens, and to detect the drug resistance of pathogens by K-B Agar test.The risk factors of infection were studied.Results there were 75 cases of nosocomial infection (10.95%) in 685 patients with tumor chemotherapy, 53.33 cases were mainly in respiratory tract, followed by digestive tract, urinary tract, genital tract and skin infection, which accounted for 17.34% and 5.33%, respectively. 82 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated.Among them, 36 strains of Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 43.90%, 39 strains of Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 47.56 and 7 strains of fungi accounted for 8.54%.The risk factors of nosocomial infection in tumor patients were age, long time of chemotherapy, complicated with other diseases, invasive operation, no use of antimicrobial agents to prevent the nosocomial infection.Conclusion Cancer chemotherapy patients are high risk groups of nosocomial infection. Medical staff should take measures to control the occurrence of nosocomial infection and select antibiotics with low drug resistance rate for timely treatment.
【作者单位】：齐齐哈尔医学院附属第三医院肿瘤二科;齐齐哈尔医学院附属第三医院呼吸科;
【基金】：齐齐哈市科技局基金资助项目(KLB-TAC-410)
【分类号】：R181.32

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