滇川亚种云南地理株钉螺适生性研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 09:32

  本文选题：滇川亚种云南地理株钉螺 + 冬眠温度　； 参考：《大理学院》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：在实验室环境下研究云南血吸虫病流行环节唯一中间宿主---滇川亚种云南地理株钉螺温度适生范围,测定钉螺的越夏致死温度、冬眠温度和越冬致死温度。从而,完善滇川亚种云南地理株钉螺生态理论基础,为有效控制该地区血吸虫病的流行提供科学依据。 方法：对采自云南山区的滇川亚种钉螺(O.h.r.yunnan strain),采用实验室模拟自然环境逐步改变温度的方法,分别测定钉螺的越夏致死高温、冬眠温度和越冬致死低温。采用直线回归法计算钉螺的半数致死高温、半数冬眠温度(ET50),即发育起点温度、半数致死低温,拟合logistic曲线方程。 结果：越夏致死温度：当温度升至37℃钉螺开始出现死亡,40℃干燥组和潮湿组死亡率明显升高,十燥组死亡率升高显著。干燥组钉螺和潮湿组钉螺全部死亡的温度分别为43℃和44℃。干燥和潮湿环境中的钉螺的半数致死高温(LT50)分别为40.041℃(95%可信区间为39.424-40.680℃)和41.230℃(95%可信区间为40.430-42.190℃)。36℃以上高温(X)和钉螺死亡率(Y^)间分别可拟合logistic曲线方程：Y^=101/(1+e12.274-1.064x)(F=116.422,P0.01)Y^潮=101/(1+e39.926-0.978x)(F=65.125,P0.01).冬眠温度：在13℃以下,随着环境温度的降低,钉螺的活动逐渐减少,呈闭厣状态的钉螺逐渐增多。降至2℃时,钉螺的闭厣率达100%。当温度逐渐降低至11℃左右,部分钉螺开始出现冬眠现象。降至0℃,钉螺的冬眠率达100%.钉螺半数冬眠温度(ET50)为5.312℃(95%可信区间为4.771-5.832℃)13℃以下温度与钉螺冬眠率间的logistic曲线方程为：Y^=101/(1+e0.668x-4.13)(F=415.383,P0.01).越冬致死低度：潮湿组湿度55%,钉螺非浸水环境：在干燥和潮湿环境中,当环境温度降到0℃以下时,钉螺开始出现死亡.干燥组钉螺和潮湿组钉螺全部死亡的温度分别为-7℃和-8℃.钉螺在干燥和潮湿环境中的低温半数致死温度(LT50)分别为和-3.712℃(95%可信区间为-3.968至-3.456℃)和-2.794℃(95%可信区间为-3.024至-2.562℃)。低温和钉螺死亡率间的logistic曲线方程分别为：Y^干=101/(1+e1.029+2.987x)(F=347.84,P0.001)；Y^潮=101/(1+e0.975x+3.76)(F=132.002,P0.001).潮湿组湿度75%,钉螺浸水环境：温度降至-1℃时,干燥和潮湿环境中经12h后钉螺死亡率分别为13.3%和60.0%(X=28.134,P0.0001)；钉螺在干燥和潮湿环境的低温半数致死温度(LT50)分别为-3.371℃(95%可信区间为-3.810至-2.929℃)和-1.085℃(95%可信区间为-2.203至0.349℃)。 结论：(1)12℃以下滇川业种云南地理株钉螺开始出现冬眠现象。(2)滇川亚种云南地理株钉螺对极限低温和高温的耐受性在干燥环境中比在潮湿环境中弱。(3)滇川亚种云南地理株钉螺与湖北指名业种钉螺对极限高温和极限低温的耐受性相比较比较无差异。(4)在0℃以下湿度对滇川亚种云南地理株钉螺死亡率影响显著。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the suitable temperature range of Oncomelania hupensis in Yunnan Province, the only intermediate host of schistosomiasis in Yunnan Province, and to determine the summer death temperature, hibernation temperature and wintering death temperature of Oncomelania hupensis. Therefore, the ecological theory of Oncomelania hupensis of Yunnan subspecies was improved, which provided scientific basis for effectively controlling the prevalence of schistosomiasis in this area. Methods: Oncomelania hupensis O. h.r.yunnan strainna collected from Yunnan mountainous area was determined by the method of simulating natural environment to change the temperature step by step. The lethal high temperature, hibernation temperature and winter lethal temperature of Oncomelania hupensis were determined respectively. The half lethal high temperature and half hibernation temperature of Oncomelania hupensis were calculated by linear regression method, namely the development threshold temperature and the half lethal low temperature. The equation of logistic curve was fitted. Results: the death rate of the dead snail began to rise when the temperature rose to 37 鈩，

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