三级综合教学医院医院感染横断面调查结果分析

发布时间：2018-05-01 07:01

本文选题：医院感染 + 社区感染　；参考：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年21期

【摘要】：目的通过医院感染现患率调查,有助于了解医院感染的基本情况,为确定科室医院感染的基线水平、制定医院感染控制目标提供有力依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,调查2010-2013年调查日住院患者的医院感染和社区感染现患率、抗菌药物使用及病原学送检率,应用SPSS 19.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果共调查8 860例住院患者,实际调查8 680例,实查率98.80%,发生医院感染678例、744例次,医院感染现患率7.81%、例次感染率8.57%;发现社区感染1 308例、1 370例次,社区感染现患率15.07%、例次感染率15.78%;医院感染病例共分离病原菌376株,其中细菌305株占81.12%,真菌65株占17.29%,其他病原菌6株占1.59%;4年抗菌药物使用率从37.55%下降至24.90%(P0.05),预防用药比例显著下降(P0.01)。结论 4年医院感染和社区感染现患率保持相对稳定水平,革兰阴性菌仍是医院感染主要病原菌,必须采取综合医院感染预防控制措施,进一步降低医院感染发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infection, which is helpful to understand the basic situation of nosocomial infection, and to provide an effective basis for determining the baseline level of nosocomial infection and establishing the goal of nosocomial infection control. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infection and community infection, antimicrobial use and etiological examination of hospitalized patients in the survey days from 2010 to 2013. The data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. Results A total of 8 860 inpatients were investigated, 8 680 actual cases were investigated, the actual investigation rate was 98.80%, 678 cases of nosocomial infection occurred 744 times, the incidence rate of nosocomial infection was 7.81 and the infection rate was 8.57 times, 1 308 cases of community infection were found to have 1 370 cases of infection. The prevalence rate of community infection was 15.07 and the infection rate was 15.78.The total number of pathogenic bacteria isolated in hospital infection cases was 376, of which 305 were bacteria (81.1212), 65 fungi (17.29) and other pathogens (1.59), and the utilization rate of antimicrobial agents decreased from 37.55% to 24.90% (P 0.05) in 4 years, and the proportion of prophylactic drugs decreased significantly (P 0.01). Conclusion the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection and community infection remains relatively stable in 4 years. Gram-negative bacteria are still the main pathogens of nosocomial infection. The prevention and control measures of general nosocomial infection must be taken to further reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.
【作者单位】：福建医科大学附属医院医院感染管理科福建省医院感染管理质量控制中心;
【基金】：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2009J01145)
【分类号】：R181.32

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