含牛羊源性成份化妆品传播疯牛病的风险分析与研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 06:08

本文选题：疯牛病 + 化妆品　；参考：《中国农业大学》2005年博士论文

【摘要】：化妆品市场是我国近年来增长最为迅速的消费品市场之一,人们在从化妆品中受益的同时, 使用化妆品也存在着安全性问题。由于化妆品中含有大量牛、羊源性物质,而疯牛病是一种危害严重的人畜共患传染病,所以近年来随着疯牛病的相继暴发和流行,有关化妆品是否会传播疯牛病这一问题引起了世界各国的高度重视。许多国家纷纷采取措施,禁止来自疯牛病疫区含有牛、羊源性成分的化妆品入境。为了确实防止疯牛病病原通过化妆品传入我国,本文将对化妆品中的牛、羊源性成分传播疯牛病的风险进行分析和研究,旨在为国家制定进出境化妆品有关疯牛病检验检疫的规定提供一些理论依据,给这些化妆品的使用者提供理论指导,并希望在此基础上对加强具有BSE感染风险的化妆品的管理提出建议. 经过多年来的实地考察,搜集了大量国内外的相关资料,经仔细分析、研究和比较,进行了本课题的研究。本研究以现有的科学知识为基础,系统地运用风险分析理论,分别从危害因素的确定、传入评估、接触评估、后果评估、以及风险评价和风险管理等各方面切入,建立了有关化妆品成份传播疯牛病的风险分析模型。该模型包括地理性风险评估、动物的健康状况、组织来源、组织感染性水平、加工工艺对BSE病原的清除水平及产品的终用途等内容。该评估模型不仅考虑了动物的安全性和健康状况,更注重分析了动物原料生产加工工艺降低或灭活疯牛病病原感染性的水平。在实际应用中,可以满足我国卫生部和国家质检总局有关“涉及疯牛病风险化妆品及其原料安全性评价”工作的需要。通过风险分析研究,本文从理论上证明了BSE病原经过化妆品传播的可能性。因此,我国卫生部发布的在化妆品中不应含有疯牛病疫区的85牛、羊源性成分的禁令是有科学依据的。根据携带和传播BSE感染性的水平不同,本文将我国卫生部所列的来自疯牛病疫区的85种牛、羊源性成份分为三类,即高度危险性物质、中度危险性物质和低度危险性物质,并分别进行风险分析和评估。其评估结果如下: 对于以脑、脊髓为代表的高度危险性物质,他们传播BSE的风险极大,在化妆品成分中应该禁止使用。对于以羊毛脂及其衍生物为代表的低度危险性物质,由于其主要是作为外用化妆品成分。只要其原料来自健康动物,没有受到特殊危险性物质的污染,加工过程中pH值、温度和时间都达到一定的条件,其传播疯牛病的风险可以基本排除。中度危险性物质包含的种类比较复杂,涉及到47种成分,而可用的资料又有限,本文只对了解其加工、提取过程的一些成分进行了分析。对于化妆品中使用的油脂,剔除生产原料中的牛、羊特殊风险物质后。将原料切割成不大于50mm的颗粒,在不低于133℃/3巴/20m的条件下加工, 如果生产的油脂中不溶性杂质含量低于0. 15%,且在储存、运输等过程中没有发生交叉污染,则这种油脂是安全的。对于化妆品中使用的明胶和胶原,在保证生产原料来源安全,生产过程有相应的认定试验、避免特殊危险性物质污染的条件下加工的产品,也被认为是安全的。对产自其它组织的蛋白质类、糖类、脂类以及生物单分子等物质,由于资料所限,没能对其进行完全评估。鉴于疯牛病病原是蛋白质,化妆品中使用牛羊源性蛋白质产品传播BSE的风险比其它产品高。所以,应严格控制蛋自质类产品在化妆品中的使用。对T.其他需要保持生物活性的产品,其加l_l_ 艺可能无法满足灭活疯牛病病原的要求,也需要严格控制。如果原料中没有特殊危险物质,加I l一艺又能保证其达到单分子水平(需要确认),除蛋自质类外,其他成份应允许使用。本研究研究、总结出了消费者在对化妆品中BSE感染因子进行自我评估时,应着重注意的事项;列出了化妆品生产者销售化妆品时应该向消费者提供的信息,以使消费者得到更好的白我保护。另外,就风险管理而言,应该借鉴别国的先进经验,同时结合我国的国情,认真落实各项相关政策,加强管理,切断疯牛病的传播途径,争取把疯牛病拒之于国门之外。关键词:疯牛病化妆品风险分析与研究
[Abstract]:The cosmetics market is one of the fastest growing consumer goods markets in China in recent years, while people are benefiting from cosmetics.
There is also a safety problem in the use of cosmetics. Because cosmetics contain a large number of cattle and sheep derived substances, mad cow disease is a hazard.
In recent years, with the outbreak and prevalence of mad cow disease, whether cosmetics will spread mad cows in recent years?
The disease has attracted the attention of all countries in the world. Many countries have taken measures to prohibit cattle from the epidemic area of mad cow disease.
Cosmetics imported from sheep origin. In order to prevent the pathogen of mad cow disease from being imported into China through cosmetics, this article will introduce cosmetics in cosmetics.
The risk of transmission of mad cow disease by bovine and sheep derived ingredients is analyzed and studied, aiming to develop the national mad cow disease for entry and exit cosmetics.
It provides some theoretical basis for the quarantine inspection, and provides theoretical guidance for users of these cosmetics.
Recommendations for the management of cosmetics that are highly susceptible to BSE infection.
After many years of fieldwork, a large number of domestic and foreign information has been collected. After careful analysis, research and comparison, it has been carried out.
This research is based on the existing scientific knowledge and systematically applies the risk analysis theory from hazard factors.
It was established that the introduction of assessment, contact assessment, consequence assessment, risk assessment and risk management and other aspects were related.
A risk analysis model for the spread of mad cow disease is formulated. The model includes geographic risk assessment, animal health status, organization source, and so on.
Tissue infection level, processing technology for BSE pathogen clearance and final use of products.
The safety and health condition of animals is emphasized, and more emphasis is placed on analyzing the production and processing technology of animal raw materials to reduce or inactivate the pathogen infectivity of mad cow disease.
In practical applications, it can meet the requirements of the Ministry of health and the General Administration of quality supervision and Quarantine of China concerning the risk of mad cow disease and cosmetics.
The safety evaluation of raw materials "needs to work.
Through risk analysis, this paper theoretically proves the possibility of BSE pathogens spreading through cosmetics.
The ban issued by the Ministry of health should not contain 85 cows in the epidemic area of mad cow disease. The ban on sheep derived ingredients is scientifically based.
According to the different levels of carrying and transmitting BSE infection, 85 types of mad cow disease epidemic areas listed in the Ministry of health in China are presented in this paper.
Bovine and goat derived ingredients can be classified into three categories: high risk substances, moderate hazardous substances and low risk substances.
Risk analysis and assessment. The results of the assessment are as follows:
For highly dangerous substances represented by the brain and spinal cord, they are at great risk of transmitting BSE.
No use.
For low risk substances represented by lanolin and its derivatives, they are mainly used as cosmetic components for external use.
The raw materials from healthy animals are not contaminated by special hazardous substances, and the pH value, temperature and time during processing are all up to date.
Under certain conditions, the risk of transmitting mad cow disease can be basically eliminated.
Moderately dangerous substances contain more complex species, involving 47 components, while the available information is limited.
Some ingredients in the extraction process were analyzed. For the oils used in cosmetics, cattle were removed from the raw materials.
After the special risk substance of sheep, the raw material is cut into a particle not larger than 50mm, and processed under the condition of not less than 133 /3 /20m.
If the content of insoluble impurities in the oils and fats is below 0.15%, there will be no cross contamination during storage and transportation.
This kind of oil is safe. For the gelatin and collagen used in cosmetics, it ensures the safety of raw materials and the production process.
Products that are processed under conditions of special hazardous substances are also considered safe.
Protein, carbohydrates, lipids and biological monomolecular substances are not evaluated completely because of data limitations.
In view of the fact that BSE is a protein, the use of bovine and goat derived protein products in cosmetics has a higher risk of transmitting BSE than other products.
Therefore, we should strictly control the use of egg derived products in cosmetics. Add T. to other products that need to maintain biological activity in l_l_.
Art may not be able to satisfy the requirement of inactivating the pathogen of mad cow disease. It also needs strict control. If there is no special hazardous substance in the raw material, add I
L technology ensures that it reaches the single molecule level (needs confirmation). Other ingredients should be allowed to use except eggs.
This study summarizes the importance of consumers' self-assessment of BSE infection factors in cosmetics.
Item, list the information that cosmetics producers should sell to cosmetics, so that consumers can get better Bai Wobao.
In addition, as far as risk management is concerned, we should learn from other countries' advanced experience, and at the same time, combine our national conditions, earnestly implement various phases.
We should strengthen the management, cut off the transmission routes of mad cow disease, and try to reject the mad cow disease outside the national boundaries.
Key words: risk analysis and research of mad cow disease cosmetics

【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R181.3

【引证文献】