咸宁市2009-2012年手足口病疫情流行特征分析

发布时间：2018-05-04 09:32

本文选题：手足口病 + 流行病学　；参考：《现代预防医学》2014年17期

【摘要】：目的分析咸宁市2009-2012年手足口病疫情流行特征和病原学特点,为制定手足口病防控措施提供科学依据。方法对"传染病报告信息管理系统"和"突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统"中报告的2009-2012年咸宁市手足口病疫情资料进行描述性分析,并对部分病例的咽拭子标本,采用RT-PCR方法进行病毒核酸检测。结果2009-2012年咸宁市共报告手足口病5 744例,年均发病率为56.73/10万。每年的发病高峰集中在4-6月,2009、2012年9-11月出现了第二个发病高峰;城区发病率明显高于农村地区。男性发病明显高于女性,散居儿童和幼托儿童是手足口病主要的发病人群,4岁以下儿童发病数占总发病数的91.02%以上。2010、2012年EV71阳性检出率均高于2011年(χ2=11.411,P=0.001;χ2=19.002,P=0.000)。结论咸宁市手足口病发病具有明显的季节、地区和人群特征,4年间以2010、2012年发病率上升幅度最大,每年4-6月、9-11月是手足口病防控的关键时期,应改进监测模式,落实疫情报告、病原学监测、重症及时发现与救治、重点人群行为干预等为核心的科学防控措施。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of HFMD from 2009 to 2012 in Xianning, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods the epidemic data of hand, foot and mouth disease in Xianning City from 2009 to 2012 were analyzed and the throat swabs of some cases were collected, which were reported in the Infectious Disease report Information Management system and the Emergency Public Health incident Management Information system. Virus nucleic acid was detected by RT-PCR method. Results A total of 5 744 cases of HFMD were reported in Xianning from 2009 to 2012 with an average annual incidence of 56 73 / 100 000. The annual peak of incidence was from April to June 2009, and the second peak occurred in September-November, 2012, and the incidence rate in urban area was obviously higher than that in rural area. The incidence rate of male was significantly higher than that of female. The incidence rate of children under 4 years old was more than 91.02%. The positive rate of EV71 in 2012 was higher than that in 2011 (蠂 ~ 2: 11.411p ~ (0.001); 蠂 ~ (2 +) 19.002P ~ (0.000). Conclusion the incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease in Xianning city has obvious season. The incidence rate of hand foot and mouth disease increased most in 2010 and 2012 in four years. The key period of hand foot and mouth disease prevention and control is from April to June to September to November every year. The surveillance mode should be improved and the report of epidemic situation should be carried out. The scientific prevention and control measures, such as etiology monitoring, critical timely detection and treatment, and behavioral intervention of key population, are the core of scientific prevention and control measures.
【作者单位】：咸宁市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R512.5;R181.3

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