淮安市淮安区新生儿乙肝疫苗计划免疫策略实施效果的监测评价

发布时间：2018-06-20 05:00

本文选题：乙肝病毒 + 乙肝疫苗　；参考：《南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)》2014年12期

【摘要】：目的 :评价近期淮安市淮安区新生儿乙肝疫苗计划免疫策略实施效果及其影响因素。方法 :采用血清流行病学调查方法,调查7~12月龄幼儿的乙肝疫苗接种史,检测HBs Ag、抗-HBs和抗-HBs。对新生儿的乙肝疫苗免疫效果及其影响因素进行分析评价。结果:共对2 320名幼儿开展了调查。乙肝疫苗计划免疫及时接种率高达99.6%,均全程接种了疫苗。监测对象的HBs Ag阳性率0.13%,核心抗体阳性率为2.1%,估计乙肝疫苗保护率在93.4%,母婴阻断成功率为91.6%,幼儿HBs Ag阳性的原因为母婴阻断失败,所有母婴阻断失败幼儿的母亲为HBe Ag阳性感染者。接种5 g苗的幼儿抗体低、无应答率为26.3%,高于计划免疫中接种10 g疫苗的地区。出生低体重幼儿的低、无应答率高于出生正常体重幼儿。结论 :目前乙肝疫苗计划免疫的规范接种率高,幼儿HBV慢性感染率低,幼儿的慢性HBV感染主要归因于母婴阻断失败。应提高乙肝疫苗计免免疫中的接种剂量。
[Abstract]:Objective: to evaluate the effect and influencing factors of immunization strategy of hepatitis B vaccine for newborns in Huaian district of Huaian city. Methods: a seroepidemiological survey was conducted to investigate the history of hepatitis B vaccination in children aged 7 to 12 months, and to detect anti-HBs, anti-HBs and anti-HBs. The immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine in neonates and its influencing factors were analyzed and evaluated. Results: a total of 2 320 children were investigated. Hepatitis B vaccine program immunization coverage rate as high as 99.6 percent, the whole process was vaccinated. The positive rate of HBs Ag was 0.13 and the positive rate of core antibody was 2.1. It was estimated that the protective rate of hepatitis B vaccine was 93.40.The success rate of mother and child blocking was 91.6. The reason of HBs Ag positive in young children was the failure of mother and child block. All the mothers who failed to block the mother and child were HBe Ag positive. The antibody of children inoculated with 5 g vaccine was low and the non-response rate was 26.3%, which was higher than that of the area inoculated with 10 g vaccine in the planned immunization. The low-weight and non-response rate of low-weight infants was higher than that of normal-weight children. Conclusion: the standard immunization rate of hepatitis B vaccine is high, the chronic infection rate of HBV is low, and the failure of mother and child block is the main cause of chronic HBV infection. The dose of hepatitis B vaccine in immunization should be increased.
【作者单位】：淮安市淮安区疾病预防控制中心;江苏省疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：国家科技重大专项(2008ZX10002-001)
【分类号】：R186

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