对克氏原螯虾捕食钉螺影响因素的研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 10:46

本文选题：克氏原螯虾 + 钉螺　；参考：《首都师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 钉螺(Oncomelania hupensis)是血吸虫唯一的中间宿主，是一种有重要危害的医学动物。用生物的方法消灭血吸虫的中间宿主，从而有效控制血吸虫病的传播，是一种非常有前景的防治方法。本文通过对克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clakii)捕食钉螺(Oncomelania hupensis)的影响因素的研究，探讨克氏原螯虾消灭钉螺的能力，及其作为钉螺生物控制因子的可行性。实验包括三个方面的内容：第一，采用多因素随机区组实验设计，选取了克氏原螯虾的不同性别、大小、饥饿程度，钉螺的不同大小和可选性食物是否存在5个因素，，研究了克氏原螯虾和钉螺本身的因素对捕食的影响；第二，采用单因素随机区组实验设计，选取未去壳的钉螺、去除螺旋部的钉螺、去除体螺层的钉螺、完全去壳的钉螺四个水平，主要考察螺壳因素对捕食的影响，并对成螺和幼螺分别进行了研究；第三，通过多次直接观察的方法，描述了克氏原螯虾捕食钉螺的行为。结果表明：第一，克氏原螯虾的性别和饥饿程度没有对捕食量造成显著影响，而克氏原螯虾的大小、钉螺的大小及可选性食物的有无对克氏原螯虾的捕食量影响显著；第二，成螺和幼螺的螺壳在克氏原螯虾捕食钉螺的过程中有一定阻碍作用；第三，克氏原螯虾捕食时，对成螺和幼螺的处理方法是不同的。
[Abstract]:Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. It is a promising method to eliminate the intermediate host of schistosomiasis and control the transmission of schistosomiasis effectively. In this paper, the ability of Procambarus clakii to kill Oncomelania hupensis and its feasibility as a biological control factor of Oncomelania hupensis were studied. The experiment includes three aspects: first, using a multi-factor randomized block design, we selected five factors of different sex, size, hunger degree, different size and optional food of Oncomelania hupensis. The effects of the factors of crayfish and Oncomelania hupensis on predation were studied. Secondly, the single factor random block design was used to select the unhusked snails, to remove the helical snails, and to remove the body snails. The effects of shell factors on the predation of snails were investigated, and the effects of adult snails and juvenile snails on the predation were studied. Thirdly, the behavior of chelate crayfish on snails was described by direct observation for several times. The results showed that: first, the sex and the degree of hunger had no significant effect on the predation, but the size of the crayfish, the size of the snail and the availability of alternative food had significant effects on the predation of the crayfish, and the second, the size of the crayfish, the size of the snail and the availability of alternative food had significant effects on the predation of the crayfish. The snail shell of adult snail and juvenile snail has certain hindrance in the process of crayfish feeding oncomelania. Thirdly, the treatment methods of adult snail and juvenile snail are different.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：R184

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