2012年嵊州市犬伤暴露就诊人群流行病学特征分析

发布时间：2018-07-05 03:10

本文选题：狂犬病 + 咬伤　；参考：《中华疾病控制杂志》2014年10期

【摘要】：目的分析2012年嵊州犬伤门诊就诊者流行病学特征,为预防狂犬病提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2012年犬伤暴露就诊人群进行统计分析。结果 2012年嵊州市共处理狂犬病暴露病例12 053例。自4月份起,犬伤暴露人数开始增加,7月份(1 390例)和8月份(1 345例)暴露人数最多。60~69岁人群暴露率最高(3 305.73/10万),其次为5~9岁组(2 154.32/10万),0~岁组暴露率最低(246.71/10万),各年龄组暴露率差异有统计学意义(醊2=1 708.62,P0.001)。职业以农民为最多,占66.01%,其次为学生,占15.44%。街道人群暴露率(2 327.71/10万)高于集镇(1 468.56/10万)(醊2=630.06,P0.001),集镇人群暴露率(1 468.56/10万)高于山区(623.68/10万)(醊2=371.77,P0.001)。伤人动物中,犬类占90.89%,猫占5.92%。受伤部位四肢最多,106 56例,占88.41%(10 656/12 053);其次为手指足趾8.11%(977/12 053);0~9岁儿童头面部咬伤比例为3.92%(52/1 328)。结论进一步加强宣传和犬类管理,加强犬伤门诊建设,并将狂犬疫苗和被动免疫制剂的费用纳入医保范围,以减轻群众经济负担存在发生狂犬病的隐患。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of outpatients with canine injury in Shengzhou in 2012 and to provide evidence for the prevention of rabies. Methods descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the patients with canine injury in 2012. Results 12 053 rabies cases were treated in Shengzhou City in 2012. Since April, The number of dogs exposed began to increase in July (1,390 cases) and August (1,345 cases). The highest exposure rate was in the population of 6069 years old (3305.73 / 100,000), followed by the 59-year-old group (2,154.32 / 100,000) and the lowest exposure rate (246.71% / 100 million) in the age group. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.001). Most of the occupations were farmers (66.01%), followed by students (15.4445%). The exposure rate of street population (2 327.71 / 100 000) was higher than that of market town (14 68.56 / 100 000). The population exposure rate of market town (1 468.56% / 100 000) was higher than that of mountain area (623 68 / 100 000). Among the injuried animals, dogs account for 90.89 and cats for 5.92. 106 cases (88.41%, 10 656 / 12 053) were injured, followed by finger toe (8.11%) (97 7 / 12 053), head and facial bite (3 92%, 52 / 1 328). Conclusion the propaganda and canine management should be strengthened, the outpatient clinic construction of canine injury should be strengthened, and the cost of rabies vaccine and passive immune preparation should be included in the scope of medical insurance, so as to reduce the economic burden of the masses and reduce the hidden danger of rabies.
【作者单位】：嵊州市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R181.3

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