北京地区肺炎住院患者抗菌药物使用情况的流行病学分析

发布时间：2018-07-05 05:52

本文选题：肺炎 + 抗菌药　；参考：《现代预防医学》2014年11期

【摘要】：目的了解北京地区大型医院肺炎住院患者抗菌药物的使用情况。方法利用北京市十所三级综合医院城镇职工基本医疗保险数据资料,选取2008-2012年间主要诊断为肺炎的住院病例作为研究对象,对抗菌药物的使用情况进行分析。结果研究共纳入12 373例肺炎住院病例,年龄(67.5±16.8)岁(19~105岁),男性病例占59.4%。抗菌药物的总使用率为98.2%,注射用抗菌药物的使用比例为98.6%。在所有使用抗菌药物的病例中,10 674例(87.9%)病例联合使用两种或两种以上抗菌药。在各类抗菌药物中,三代头孢菌素类药物应用最多(21.4%),其余依次为氟喹诺酮类(19.7%),二代头孢菌素类(11.3%),青霉素类复方(8.7%),大环内酯类(8.5%),碳青霉烯类(5.7%)。2008-2012年,二代头孢菌素类抗菌药的使用比例呈下降趋势、氟喹诺酮类、碳青霉烯类抗菌药的使用比例呈上升趋势。与男性病例相比,女性病例氟喹诺酮类、二代头孢菌素类和大环内酯类抗菌药的使用比例较高。60岁以上病例三代头孢菌素类抗菌药的使用比例较高,80岁以上的病例使用碳青霉烯类抗菌药的比例较高。结论北京市三级综合医院肺炎住院病例抗菌药应用种类以三代头孢菌素、氟喹诺酮类为主,不同年龄、性别肺炎病例间抗菌药的使用种类略有差别。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the use of antibiotics in patients with pneumonia in large hospitals in Beijing. Methods based on the data of basic medical insurance for urban workers in ten tertiary general hospitals in Beijing, the use of antimicrobial agents was analyzed from 2008 to 2012, in which the hospitalized patients who were mainly diagnosed as pneumonia were selected as the research objects. Results 12 373 cases of pneumonia were included in the study, the age was (67.5 卤16.8) years (19 ~ 105 years), male cases accounted for 59.4%. The total utilization rate of antimicrobial agents was 98.2%, and the proportion of antibiotics used for injection was 98.6%. 10 674 cases (87.9%) were treated with two or more antibiotics. The third generation cephalosporins were used most (21.4%), followed by fluoroquinolones (19.7%), second-generation cephalosporins (11.3%), penicillin compounds (8.7%), macrolides (8.5%), carbapenems (5.7%). The proportion of second generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones and carbapenes showed a decreasing trend, while the proportion of fluoroquinolones and carbapenes showed an increasing trend. Compared with male cases, female cases of fluoroquinolones, Second generation cephalosporins and macrolides were used more frequently in patients over 60 years old. The third generation cephalosporins were used more frequently than those over 80 years old. The proportion of carbapenem antibiotics was higher in patients over 80 years old. Conclusion the types of antimicrobial drugs used in pneumonia inpatients in Beijing tertiary general hospital are mainly cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. There are some differences in the use of antimicrobial drugs among patients with pneumonia of different ages and sexes.
【作者单位】：北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系;北京大学公共卫生学院卫生政策与管理学系;
【分类号】：R181.3;R95

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