新疆哈、汉两民族动脉硬化的流行病学调查

发布时间：2018-07-16 16:49

【摘要】： 目的:通过对新疆35岁以上哈萨克族及汉族中老年人群动脉硬化患病率的调查、统计和分析,以提高对此病的重视和预防,正确指导居民健康的生活方式,降低其患病率。方法:采用整群抽样的流行病学调查的方法进行抽样调查,共3897人接受检查。对所有患者均记录吸烟史、糖尿病病程、收缩压、舒张压、体重、身高,并测定其血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)等生化指标并计算其体重指数(BMI)等;同时完成脉压(PP),踝臂指数(ABI),颈动脉内中膜增厚(IMT),肱-踝脉搏波速度(b-a PWV)等动脉硬化指标,应用SPSS13.0版统计软件分析分析不同年龄不同性别动脉硬化患病率,并分析动脉硬化的危险因素。结果:以ABI0.9或b-a PWV1700 cm/s或IMT0.9mm或PP60mmhg为预测动脉硬化指标,新疆哈萨克族动脉硬化患病率为40.71%,汉族动脉硬化患病率为46.04%,男女间动脉硬化患病率存在差异,具有统计学意义(P0.05)。新疆哈萨克族及汉族随年龄增长动脉硬化患病率增加,具有统计学意义(P0.05)。哈族与汉族受试者在舒张压、脉压、左、右侧踝臂指数、左、右肱踝波速度、右颈内膜厚度、尿素氮、肌酐、尿酸、葡萄糖、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、吸烟史、饮酒史、高血脂、糖尿病史存在差异,具有统计学意义(P0.05)。新疆哈萨克族及汉族高血压患病率、知晓率、控制率分别为:43.9%、57.7%、44.1%;44.2%、64.4%、45.6%,两者高血压知晓率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。新疆哈萨克族及汉族糖尿病患病率、知晓率、控制率分别为:4.7%、53.8%、40.0%;13.3%、77.1%、42.7%,两者糖尿病患病率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。新疆哈萨克族及汉族高血脂患病率、知晓率、控制率分别为:40.6%、27%、9.9%;61.2%、53.3%、18.2%,两者高血脂患病率、控制率、知晓率均有差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:新疆地区35岁以上哈萨克族及汉族中老年人群动脉硬化患病率有民族间差异性,新疆汉族动脉硬化患总体病率较哈萨克族高。新疆哈萨克族及汉族动脉硬化总体患病率随着年龄的增加而升高。新疆哈萨克族及汉族的危险因素特别是高血脂的患病率均高,知晓率及控制率均低,且汉族高血脂的患病率、知晓率及控制率明显高于哈萨克族。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate and analyze the prevalence of arteriosclerosis in the middle and elderly population of Kazak nationality and Han nationality over 35 years old in Xinjiang, so as to improve the attention and prevention of the disease, to guide the healthy lifestyle of the residents and to reduce the prevalence rate. Methods: a total of 3897 patients were investigated by cluster sampling epidemiological survey. The history of smoking, the course of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, weight, height, blood sugar, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) were recorded and their body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Pulse pressure (PP), ankle brachial index (ABI), carotid intima-media thickening (IMT), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (b-a PWV) and so on were also completed. SPSS 13.0 statistical software was used to analyze the prevalence of arteriosclerosis in different ages and sexes. The risk factors of arteriosclerosis were analyzed. Results: using ABI 0.9 or b-a PWV1700 cm/s or IMT 0.9mm or PP60mmhg as predictors of arteriosclerosis, the prevalence rate of arteriosclerosis was 40.71mm in Kazak nationality and 46.04mm in Han nationality. There was significant difference between men and women (P0.05). The prevalence of arteriosclerosis in Xinjiang Kazak and Han increased with age (P0.05). The subjects of Kazakh nationality and Han nationality were tested in diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, left and right ankle brachial index, left and right brachial wave velocity, right cervical intima thickness, urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, glucose, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, smoking history, drinking history, Hyperlipidemia, diabetes history differences, with statistical significance (P0.05). The prevalence rate, awareness rate and control rate of hypertension in Kazak and Han nationality in Xinjiang were 57.7% and 44.21%, respectively. There was significant difference between them (P0.05). The prevalence rate, awareness rate and control rate of diabetes in Kazak and Han nationality in Xinjiang were 53.8% and 42.7%, respectively. There was significant difference in the prevalence of diabetes between them (P0.05). The prevalence rate, awareness rate and control rate of hyperlipidemia in Kazak and Han nationality in Xinjiang were 40.6% and 27%, respectively. There were significant differences in the prevalence of hyperlipidemia, control rate and control rate between them (P0.05). Conclusion: the prevalence rate of arteriosclerosis in Kazak and Han population over 35 years old in Xinjiang is different among different nationalities, and the overall disease rate of Han nationality in Xinjiang is higher than that in Kazak nationality. The overall prevalence rate of arteriosclerosis in Kazak and Han nationality in Xinjiang increased with the increase of age. The prevalence rate of hyperlipidemia, awareness rate and control rate of Kazak and Han nationality in Xinjiang were all high, and the prevalence, awareness rate and control rate of hyperlipidemia in Han nationality were significantly higher than those in Kazak nationality.
【学位授予单位】：新疆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R543;R181.3

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