我国部分地区动物中汉坦病毒感染的流行病学研究

发布时间：2018-08-29 16:00

【摘要】： 针对近些年我国肾综合征出血热疫情发展趋势，本研究在东北(黑龙江、吉林)、华北(北京)、东南(浙江)、西南(贵州)、西北(新疆)不同类型的疫源地中选择代表性调查点，采用分子生物学检测技术和序列分析以及应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对鼠类宿主动物和家畜汉坦病毒感染进行了调查。结果如下：(1)采集鼠类13种526只，总带毒率2.28％，各地阳性率差别无统计学意义(χ~2=7.238，P=0.204)；大林姬鼠、黑线姬鼠、褐家鼠、棕背鼠平感染率分别为3.81％、1.41％、4.35％、4.08％，，其余鼠种均阴性；(2)对上述鼠阳性代表性标本进行汉坦病毒的分型研究和M、S基因序列测定分析表明：目前我国流行的汉坦病毒仍然以Hantaan virus(HTNV)和Seoul virus(SEOV)为主；并首次从我国大林姬鼠中发现Amur汉坦病毒的存在；在贵州褐家鼠中发现了汉滩型汉坦病毒感染。(3)猪、牛、羊血清中汉坦病毒抗体检测阳性率分别为3.39％、1.74％和1.39％，证实汉坦病毒在家畜中的感染普遍存在。综上所述，本研究进一步证实我国鼠类宿主动物携带了多种型别的汉坦病毒；揭示了褐家鼠作为汉滩型汉坦病毒溢出宿主的可能性；并首次发现我国大林姬鼠携带Amur汉坦病毒；同时进一步证实了汉坦病毒在家畜中普遍感染，但鉴于其感染率偏低，其在传播HFRS上的作用有待进一步研究。
[Abstract]:In view of the trend of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in China in recent years, this study selected representative survey sites in different types of foci in Northeast China (Heilongjiang, Jilin), North China (Beijing), Southeast (Zhejiang), Southwest (Guizhou) and Northwest (Xinjiang). The infection of rat host animal and domestic animal Hantavirus was investigated by molecular biological detection technique sequence analysis and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were as follows: (1) 13 kinds of 526 rodents were collected, the total virus carrying rate was 2.28, and there was no significant difference in the positive rate between the two groups (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) 7.238), and the infection rates of Apodemus agrarius, Apodemus agrarius, Rattus norvegicus and Rattus palmianus were 3.811.41 (1.41) and 4.354.08 (P < 0.05), respectively. (2) the typing of Hantavirus and the sequence analysis of MN S gene showed that the prevalent Hantavirus in China was still mainly Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Seoul virus (SEOV). Amur Hantavirus was first found in Apodemus davidii in China, and Hantaan type Hantavirus infection was found in Guizhou brown house rat. (3) the positive rates of Hantavirus antibody in serum of pigs, cattle and sheep were 3.391.74% and 1.39%, respectively. The prevalence of Hantavirus infection in domestic animals is confirmed. To sum up, this study further confirmed that Chinese rodent host animals carried various types of Hantavirus, revealed the possibility of Rattus norvegicus as an overflowing host of Hantavirus type, and discovered for the first time that Apodemus chinensis carried Amur Hantavirus. It is further confirmed that Hantavirus is widely infected in domestic animals, but its role in HFRS transmission needs further study in view of its low infection rate.
【学位授予单位】：中国人民解放军军事医学科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：R181.3

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