2016年全国疟疾疫情分析

发布时间：2018-09-11 11:21

【摘要】：目的分析2016年全国疟疾疫情特征,为消除疟疾策略和措施的有效实施提供科学依据。方法收集2016年31个省(直辖市、自治区,未包括台湾、香港和澳门地区)的疟疾疫情数据资料,使用Microsoft Excel 2010软件对疫情概况、地区分布、虫种构成、诊断分型和感染来源进行统计和分析。结果2016年全国30个省(直辖市、自治区)687个县(市、区)共报告疟疾病例3 321例,较2015年(3 288例)上升了1.0%;病例主要分布在云南(占12.4%,413/3 321)、四川(占9.8%,327/3 321)、江苏(占9.3%,308/3 321)、广西(占9.2%,305/3 321)和山东(占7.7%,256/3 321)等5个省(自治区)。报告的3 321例疟疾病例中,本地感染病例3例(占0.1%,3/3 321),均为间日疟,感染地分别为云南盈江县(2例)和西藏察隅县(1例);境外输入性病例3 317例(占99.9%,3 317/3 321),分布在全国30个省(直辖市、自治区);因输血感染病例1例,为恶性疟,由江苏省报告。临床诊断病例15例(占0.5%,15/3 321),确诊病例3 306例(占99.5%,3 306/3 321),其中间日疟712例(占21.5%,712/3 306),恶性疟2 158例(占65.3%,2 158/3 306),三日疟64例(占1.9%,64/3 306),卵形疟311例(占9.4%,311/3 306),混合感染61例(占1.8%,61/3 306)。14个省(直辖市、自治区)报告重症病例185例(占5.6%,185/3 321),8个省(直辖市、自治区)报告死亡病例15例(占0.5%,15/3 321)。结论 2016年报告病例中99.9%为境外输入性疟疾病例,本地疟疾传播主要在云南边境地区和西藏林芝地区。应加强境外输入性疟疾的监测和管理,防止引起当地继发传播。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the characteristics of malaria epidemic situation in China in 2016 and to provide scientific basis for effective implementation of malaria elimination strategies and measures. Methods the data of malaria epidemic in 31 provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions, not including Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao) in 2016 were collected. Microsoft Excel 2010 software was used to analyze the general situation, regional distribution and species composition of malaria. The diagnosis and classification and the source of infection were analyzed. Results in 2016, a total of 3,321 malaria cases were reported in 687 counties (municipalities and autonomous regions) in 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) of China. Compared with 2015 (3,288 cases), the number of cases increased by 1.0%; the cases were mainly distributed in five provinces (autonomous regions), such as Yunnan (12.4%, 413 / 3 321), Sichuan (9.8%, 327 / 3 321), Jiangsu (9.3%, 308 / 3 321), Guangxi (9.22% 305 / 3 321), and Shandong Province (7.775% 3 321). Of the 3 321 malaria cases reported, 3 were local infections (0.1% of 3 / 3 321), all of which were vivax malaria. The infective sites were Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province (2 cases) and Chayu County, Tibet (1 case), and 3 317 cases (99. 9%, 3 317 / 3 321) were imported from abroad, distributed in 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China, and one case of transfusion infection, which was reported by Jiangsu Province, was a case of falciparum malaria. There were 15 clinically diagnosed cases (0.515 / 3,321), 3,306 confirmed cases (99.5kyum / 3306 / 3,321), 712 cases of vivax malaria (21.5% / 3.306), 2,158 cases of falciparum malaria (2158 / 3.306), 64 cases of malaria in three days (1.99-643.306), 311 cases of oval-shaped malaria (9.441 / 3.306), 61 cases of mixed infection. (1.8% 61 / 3 306). 14 provinces (municipalities directly under the Central Government, There were 185 severe cases (5.6%) and 15 deaths (0.515 / 3 321) in 8 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions). Conclusion 99.9% of the cases reported in 2016 were imported malaria cases from abroad, and the local malaria transmission mainly occurred in the border areas of Yunnan and Linzhi region in Tibet. Surveillance and management of imported malaria abroad should be strengthened to prevent local secondary transmission.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所世界卫生组织热带病合作中心科技部国家级热带病国际联合研究中心卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室;
【分类号】：R181.8;R531.3

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