2011-2013年山东省蝇类种群结构及季节消长分析

发布时间：2018-10-08 16:03

【摘要】：目的了解山东省蝇类的密度、种群分布、生态习性及季节消长等变化规律,更好地控制蝇类的孳生与繁殖,为蝇类防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用笼诱法,以糖-食醋-水混合作为诱饵,4-11月调查蝇类密度和种群。结果 2011-2013年山东省共捕成蝇15 424只,其中家蝇、丝光绿蝇和大头金蝇为优势种,分别占33.85%、17.78%和10.73%;捕获蝇类的总平均密度为10.2只/(笼·d),其中:2011年密度最高为11.12只/笼,其次是2013年为11.03只/笼,2012年密度最低为8.59只/笼;蝇类总体的季节消长情况呈单峰型曲线,蝇密度高峰期在6-9月,最高峰出现在7月份;不同生态环境中蝇类密度最高的为农贸市场(14.1只/笼),其次是绿化带(10.98只/笼)、居民区(9.08只/笼),最低的为餐饮外环境(8.28只/笼)。结论山东省的蝇类在不同季节、不同生境蝇类密度及种群构成均有所不同,气温、孳生环境和防治措施为主要影响因素。在蝇类繁殖高峰前及早开展以环境治理为主、化学防治为辅的综合防治措施,有效降低蝇密度,为采取综合防制措施提供科学依据,以达到控制传染病发生与流行的目的。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the density, population distribution, ecological habit and seasonal variation of flies in Shandong Province, to control the breeding and reproduction of flies better and to provide scientific basis for the control of flies. Methods the density and population of flies were investigated by cage trapping method with sugar-vinegar-water mixture as bait from April to November. Results from 2011 to 2013, 15 424 flies were caught in Shandong Province, among which Musca domestica, Trichodrosophila mycelia and Drosophila macrocephala were dominant species, accounting for 33.85% 17.78% and 10.73%, respectively, and the total average density of captured flies was 10.2 (cage d),: the highest density was 11.12 flies per cage in 2011). The density of flies in 2013 was 11.03 / cages and the lowest in 2012 was 8.59. The seasonal fluctuation of flies showed a single-peak curve, and the peak of the density of flies was in June-September, and the highest occurred in July. In different ecological environments, the highest density of flies was in farmers' market (14.1 / cage), followed by green belt (10.98 / cage), residential area (9.08 per cage), and the lowest outside food environment (8.28 / cage). Conclusion the density and population composition of flies in different habitats in Shandong Province are different in different seasons, temperature, breeding environment and control measures are the main influencing factors. In order to effectively reduce the density of flies and provide scientific basis for taking comprehensive control measures to control the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases, comprehensive measures of environmental control and chemical control should be carried out as early as possible before the peak of breeding of flies.
【作者单位】：山东大学预防医学研究院山东省疾病预防控制中心;山东省传染病预防控制重点实验室;
【基金】：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2009HW055)
【分类号】：R184

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