三种植物制剂的灭螺效应及其酶动力学研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 16:25
【摘要】： 血吸虫病(Schistosomiasis)是一种历史悠久、分布面广、严重危害人类健康的寄生虫病,影响人类健康的同时也影响社会经济的发展,是各国政府面临的一个公共卫生难题。钉螺(Oncomelania hupensis)是血吸虫的唯一中间宿主,如何控制消灭钉螺是防治血吸虫的一个关键技术。用植物灭螺的研究是目前国际上灭螺研究的热点,而灭螺研究的发展趋势是生态灭螺。本研究通过酶促动力学,浅析夹竹桃(Nerium indicum)、益母草(Leonurus heterophtyllus)和枫杨(Pterocarya stenopt)三种强化感植物灭螺机理,从而初步比较得出植物化感作用灭螺机理。 通过夹竹桃、枫杨、益母草灭螺效果试验研究,发现夹竹桃的灭螺效果最好,1g/L的夹竹桃灭螺液第三天就能达到100%的灭螺效果,20g/L的枫杨灭螺液和1g/L的益母草灭螺液都是在第五天达到1 00%的杀灭效果。经概率法计算三种植物灭螺液半致死浓度,夹竹桃灭螺液半致死浓度24hLC501.72 g／L,枫杨灭螺液半致死浓度24hLC5047.63g／L,益母草灭螺液半致死浓度24hLC502.78g／L. 本研究中夹竹桃同时抑制了钉螺头足部和肝脏中的琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)和胆碱酯酶(CHE),夹竹桃灭螺机理可能是,神经传导受影响,使机体调控紊乱,同时呼吸链受干扰,能量供应不足,使钉螺细胞的正常的生命活动不能完成而死亡。 枫杨灭螺机理可能主要是降低SDH的活性,影响三羧酸循环呼吸链,导致能量供应不足,使细胞不能进行的正常的生命活动而逐渐死亡。 益母草灭螺的机理可能是降低SDH的活性,影响三羧酸循环呼吸链,导致能量供应不足,同时抑制了转氨酶,干扰了蛋白质代谢,两种影响使得钉螺细胞不能完成正常的合成和分泌功能,使得钉螺生命活动缺乏必需的蛋白质和酶类,而最终导致死亡。 纵观比较三种植物灭螺机理,都能降低SDH的活性,最终导致能量供应受阻而引起钉螺死亡。我认为对于植物化感灭螺机理,影响能量代谢是一个最重要的方面,其次影响到蛋白质代谢和神经传导,从而降低钉螺生命体机能。
[Abstract]:Schistosomiasis (Schistosomiasis) is a parasitic disease with a long history and wide distribution, which seriously endangers human health. It affects human health as well as the development of social economy. It is a public health problem faced by the governments of all countries. Snail (Oncomelania hupensis) is the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. The research on snail killing by plants is a hot spot in the world at present, and the development trend of snail killing research is ecological snail killing. In this study, the enzymatic kinetics was used to analyze the snail killing mechanism of (Nerium indicum), Leonurus chinensis (Leonurus heterophtyllus) and Maple Poplar (Pterocarya stenopt), and the mechanism of plant allelopathy was preliminarily compared. In this paper, the effect of aspergine, maple poplar and Leonurus on snail control was studied. It was found that the snail killing effect of oleander was the best. The snail killing effect of 1g/L was 100% on the third day, and the molluscicidal effect of 20g/L and 1g/L was 100% on the fifth day. The Half-lethal concentrations of three plant molluscicides, 24hLC501.72 g / L, 24h LC5047.63g / L and 24h LC502.78g / L, respectively, were calculated by probabilistic method. In this study, the mechanism of the inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and cholinesterase (CHE),) in the head, foot and liver of Oncomelania hupensis was that the nerve conduction was affected, the body regulation was disturbed, and the respiratory chain was disturbed. Lack of energy supply, so that the normal life of Oncomelania hupensis cells can not complete and die. The mechanism of molluscicidal effect of Poplar may be to reduce the activity of SDH, affect the respiratory chain of tricarboxylic acid cycle, lead to insufficient energy supply, make the cells unable to carry out normal life activities and die gradually. The mechanism of Leonurus repellens may be to reduce the activity of SDH, affect the respiratory chain of tricarboxylic acid cycle, lead to insufficient energy supply, inhibit transaminase and interfere with protein metabolism. The two effects make the snail cells unable to complete the normal synthesis and secretion function and lead to the death of Oncomelania hupensis due to the lack of essential proteins and enzymes in the life activities of Oncomelania hupensis. Compared with the mechanism of snail killing in three plants, the activity of SDH was decreased, and the energy supply was blocked and the snail died. I think that affecting energy metabolism is the most important aspect of plant allelopathic snail killing mechanism, and then affecting protein metabolism and nerve conduction, thus reducing the function of Oncomelania hupensis life.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：R184
本文编号：2291906
[Abstract]:Schistosomiasis (Schistosomiasis) is a parasitic disease with a long history and wide distribution, which seriously endangers human health. It affects human health as well as the development of social economy. It is a public health problem faced by the governments of all countries. Snail (Oncomelania hupensis) is the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. The research on snail killing by plants is a hot spot in the world at present, and the development trend of snail killing research is ecological snail killing. In this study, the enzymatic kinetics was used to analyze the snail killing mechanism of (Nerium indicum), Leonurus chinensis (Leonurus heterophtyllus) and Maple Poplar (Pterocarya stenopt), and the mechanism of plant allelopathy was preliminarily compared. In this paper, the effect of aspergine, maple poplar and Leonurus on snail control was studied. It was found that the snail killing effect of oleander was the best. The snail killing effect of 1g/L was 100% on the third day, and the molluscicidal effect of 20g/L and 1g/L was 100% on the fifth day. The Half-lethal concentrations of three plant molluscicides, 24hLC501.72 g / L, 24h LC5047.63g / L and 24h LC502.78g / L, respectively, were calculated by probabilistic method. In this study, the mechanism of the inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and cholinesterase (CHE),) in the head, foot and liver of Oncomelania hupensis was that the nerve conduction was affected, the body regulation was disturbed, and the respiratory chain was disturbed. Lack of energy supply, so that the normal life of Oncomelania hupensis cells can not complete and die. The mechanism of molluscicidal effect of Poplar may be to reduce the activity of SDH, affect the respiratory chain of tricarboxylic acid cycle, lead to insufficient energy supply, make the cells unable to carry out normal life activities and die gradually. The mechanism of Leonurus repellens may be to reduce the activity of SDH, affect the respiratory chain of tricarboxylic acid cycle, lead to insufficient energy supply, inhibit transaminase and interfere with protein metabolism. The two effects make the snail cells unable to complete the normal synthesis and secretion function and lead to the death of Oncomelania hupensis due to the lack of essential proteins and enzymes in the life activities of Oncomelania hupensis. Compared with the mechanism of snail killing in three plants, the activity of SDH was decreased, and the energy supply was blocked and the snail died. I think that affecting energy metabolism is the most important aspect of plant allelopathic snail killing mechanism, and then affecting protein metabolism and nerve conduction, thus reducing the function of Oncomelania hupensis life.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：R184
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