隆林县犬伤患者接种疫苗免疫效果研究

发布时间：2018-10-29 18:50

【摘要】：目的分析狂犬病疫苗接种后的免疫效果,为科学防治狂犬病提供指导。方法采用间接ELISA法对隆林县2010-2012年期间1 646例狂犬病疫苗接种后血清抗体进行检测。结果隆林县2010-2012年1 646例狂犬病疫苗接种后抗体阳性率为94.53%。10岁以下暴露者人数最多,最小6个月,最大84岁,抗体阳性率随年龄增长呈明显下降趋势,其差异有统计学意义(χ2=44.00,P0.05)。不同免疫程序抗体阳性率:全程免疫92.41%、全程免疫联合人抗狂犬病毒免疫球蛋白(HRIG)99.36%、加强免疫96.86%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.03,P0.05)。未考虑饮食禁忌的阴性患者比例最大32.22%(29/90),男性最为明显;提前或推迟接种时间甚至漏针的阴性患者23.33%(21/90);女性受体质或用药影响的比例最多占31.25%(10/32)。季节、性别因素对免疫效果的影响差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论及时、全程、足量接种狂犬病疫苗可有效保护健康。重伤患者注射HRIG后,再全程免疫效果显著。饮食、伤口的处理、体质或使用免疫抑制剂影响免疫效果。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the immunological effect of rabies vaccine and provide guidance for scientific prevention and treatment of rabies. Methods indirect ELISA method was used to detect the serum antibodies of 1 646 rabies patients after inoculation from 2010 to 2012 in Longlin County. Results the antibody positive rate of 1 646 rabies vaccination cases in Longlin County from 2010 to 2012 was 94.53 years old and under 10 years old, the minimum was 6 months and the maximum was 84 years old. The positive rate of antibody decreased obviously with the increase of age. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 2: 44.00 P 0.05). The positive rates of antibodies in different immune programs were 92.41%, 99.36 and 96.866.The difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 / 21.03 ~ (0.05), and that of human anti-rabies virus immunoglobulin (HRIG) was 99.36 and 96.86 ~ 86g, respectively (蠂 ~ 2 / 21.03p ~ (0.05). The proportion of negative patients who did not consider dietary taboos was 32.22% (29 / 90), male was the most obvious, and 23.33% (21 / 90) of the patients who had missed the needle before or after the inoculation were delayed or delayed. The highest proportion of women affected by physical fitness or medication was 31.25% (10 / 32). There was no significant difference in the effect of sex factor on immune effect in season (P0.05). Conclusion rabies vaccine can protect health in time, whole course and sufficient quantity. After severe injury patients were injected with HRIG, the immune effect of the whole course was remarkable. Diet, wound management, constitution, or the use of immunosuppressants affect the immune response.
【作者单位】：隆林各族自治县疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R186;R512.99

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