急诊科医院感染相关因素分析与管理对策

发布时间：2018-12-20 08:25

【摘要】：目的探讨影响急诊科医院感染相关因素,并总结相应的管理对策,为医院感染的预防提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析2011年5月-2013年5月急诊科734例患者临床资料,调查发生医院感染例数,探讨影响医院感染的相关因素,根据影响因素提出对应的管理对策;采用SPSS13.0统计软件分析。结果调查的734例患者中有79例发生医院感染,感染率为10.76%;下呼吸道感染与泌尿生殖感染最多,分别占45.65%、28.26%;共分离出104株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌64株占61.54%,革兰阳性菌40株占38.46%;感染患者年龄30~40、41~60、61岁分别占4.91%、8.30%、20.83%;511例患者使用了1种抗菌药物,发生感染65例感染率12.72%,223例患者只使用1种抗菌药物,14例发生感染,感染率6.28%,使用1种与只使用1种抗菌药物比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论急诊科室由于患者多数病情危急,医院感染的危险因素较多,容易发生医院感染,医院要通过加强消毒工作、严格执行无菌操作等措施降低医院感染的发生率。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the related factors of nosocomial infection in emergency department and summarize the corresponding management countermeasures to provide theoretical basis for the prevention of nosocomial infection. Methods the clinical data of 734 patients in emergency department from May 2011 to May 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The number of nosocomial infections was investigated and the related factors affecting nosocomial infection were discussed. The corresponding management countermeasures were put forward according to the influencing factors. SPSS13.0 statistical software was used to analyze. Results Nosocomial infection occurred in 79 out of 734 patients, the infection rate was 10.76, lower respiratory tract infection and genitourinary infection were the most, accounting for 45.65% 28.26%, respectively. 104 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, of which 64 were Gram-negative bacteria (61.54), 40 Gram-positive bacteria (38.46), and the age of the infected patients were 4.91% (4.91%), 8.30% (60 / 61) and 20.83% (P < 0.05), respectively. 511 patients were treated with one antimicrobial agent, the infection rate of 65 cases was 12.722%, the infection rate was 12.72%, the infection rate was 6.28%, and the infection rate was 6.28%. There was significant difference between the use of 1 kind of antimicrobial drugs and that of only one kind of antibiotics (P0.05). Conclusion because most of the patients in emergency department are in critical condition, there are many risk factors of nosocomial infection, which is prone to nosocomial infection. The hospital should reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection by strengthening disinfection and strictly carrying out aseptic operation.
【作者单位】：首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院急诊病房;首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院急诊科;
【基金】：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(200804221065)
【分类号】：R181.32

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