2007-2016年深圳市福田区中小学校及托幼机构传染病暴发疫情流行特征分析

发布时间：2019-04-03 11:56

【摘要】：目的了解深圳市福田区2007-2016年中小学校及托幼机构传染病暴发疫情的流行病学特征,为更有效地预防控制学校暴发疫情提供科学依据。方法对深圳市福田区2007-2016年中小学校及托幼机构传染病暴发疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果深圳市福田区2007-2016年共报告传染病疫情538起,发病4 056人,平均罹患率8.25%;其中托幼机构暴发疫情罹患率(13.83%)高于中小学校及其他机构(χ~2=540.99,P0.001);小学暴发疫情上报率(45.61%)高于中学及托幼机构(χ2=31.73,P0.001);上报暴发疫情以丙类为多(429起,占79.74%),主要是流行性感冒(295起,占54.83%);中小学校以流行性感冒为主(266起,占82.35%),托幼机构以手足口病为主(58起,占38.41%);3-6月为上半年疫情高峰期,9、12月为下半年疫情高峰期;首发病例至报告时间间隔与疫情持续时间呈正相关(rs=0.54,P0.001)。结论中小学校及托幼机构是传染病暴发疫情的高发场所,根据各类传染病疫情的流行特征采取针对性的防控措施是有效预防控制传染病暴发疫情的关键。
[Abstract]:Aim to understand the epidemiological characteristics of outbreaks of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools and child care institutions in Futian District of Shenzhen City from 2007 to 2016, and to provide scientific basis for more effective prevention and control of outbreaks in schools. Methods descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out on epidemic data of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools and child care institutions in Futian District of Shenzhen City from 2007 to 2016. Results A total of 538 infectious diseases were reported in Futian District of Shenzhen City in 2016, with 4 056 cases, with an average incidence rate of 8.25%. The incidence rate of outbreak in child care institutions (13.83%) was higher than that in primary and secondary schools and other institutions (蠂 ~ 2, 540.99,P0.001), and that in primary schools (45.61%) was higher than that in secondary schools and child care institutions (蠂 ~ 2 / 31.73, P 0.001). Most of the reported outbreaks were group C (429 cases, 79.74%), mainly influenza (295 cases, 54.83%). In primary and secondary schools, influenza (266 cases, 82.35%) and hand, foot and mouth diseases (58 cases, 38.41%) were dominant in primary and secondary schools, the peak of epidemic situation in March-June was in the first half of the year, in September and December was the peak in the second half of the year. The time interval from the first case to the report was positively correlated with the duration of the epidemic (rs=0.54,P0.001). Conclusion the primary and secondary schools and child care institutions are the high incidence places of infectious disease outbreak. It is the key to effectively prevent and control infectious disease outbreak by taking specific prevention and control measures according to the epidemic characteristics of all kinds of infectious diseases.
【作者单位】：深圳市福田区疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R181.3

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