2007年广州市医院污染源现状及其评估

发布时间：2019-05-23 10:48

【摘要】： 目的：掌握2007年广州市医疗机构主要污染物排放及处置现状,综合评价医院污水与固体废物污染管理情况,为相关主管部门政策及规划的制定提供依据。方法：采用第一次全国污染源普查医院污染源普查表对广州市20床及以上医院(265家)的主要污染物排放及处置等情况进行普查并作描述性分析,运用秩和比法综合评价各类型各级别医院污水及固体废物污染管理。结果：全市医疗机构污水产生总量为1628万吨,平均每床日污水产生量为0.86吨,污水处理率为86.12%,其中卫生院与社区活动机构污水处理率最低(43.55%)；主要处理工艺为一级处理加消毒处理；医疗机构基本购置了污水处理设备(93.96%)；固体废物产生总量为7557吨,平均每床日固体废物产生量为0.40千克,无害化处置率为99.51%,送处置厂集中处置的固体废物占无害化处置总量的99.67%；20家医疗机构有锅炉29台,4台有配套废气处理设施；在用医用电磁辐射设备26台,医用含放射源设备310台,医用射线装置1073台。结论：加强一级综合医院、二级专科医院、三级中医医院,尤其是卫生院与社区活动机构的污水处置管理,鼓励排水去向为自然环境的机构采用二级处理工艺,督促无配套设备的机构建立基本的污水处理设施；我市固体废物无害化处置率高,加强监管达到废物均送处置厂集中处置；督促综合评价档次较差的医疗机构完善医院污染管理。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the present situation of discharge and disposal of main pollutants in medical institutions in Guangzhou in 2007, to comprehensively evaluate the pollution management of hospital sewage and solid waste, and to provide the basis for the formulation of policies and plans of relevant competent departments. Methods: the discharge and disposal of main pollutants in 20 hospitals (265 hospitals) in Guangzhou were investigated by using the first national pollution source survey hospital pollution source survey table, and descriptive analysis was made. The rank sum ratio method was used to evaluate the pollution management of hospital sewage and solid waste. Results: the total amount of sewage produced by medical institutions in the city was 16.28 million tons, the average daily sewage production per bed was 0.86 tons, and the sewage treatment rate was 86.12%. Among them, the sewage treatment rate of health centers and community active institutions was the lowest (43.55%). The main treatment process was primary treatment and disinfection, and the sewage treatment equipment was basically purchased by medical institutions (93.96%). The total amount of solid waste produced is 7557 tons, the average daily solid waste production is 0.40kg, the innocuous disposal rate is 99.51%, and the centralized disposal of solid waste accounts for 99.67% of the total innocuous disposal. There are 29 boilers and 4 exhaust gas treatment facilities in 20 medical institutions, 26 sets of medical electromagnetic radiation equipment, 310 sets of medical radiation source equipment and 1073 sets of medical radiation devices. Conclusion: strengthen the sewage disposal management of primary general hospital, secondary specialized hospital, tertiary traditional Chinese medicine hospital, especially health center and community activity organization, and encourage institutions where drainage is going to be natural environment to adopt secondary treatment technology. Urge institutions without supporting equipment to establish basic sewage treatment facilities; The innocuous disposal rate of solid waste in our city is high, the supervision is strengthened to send the waste to the disposal plant for centralized disposal, and the medical institutions with poor comprehensive evaluation grade are urged to improve the hospital pollution management.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R181.3

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