全麻术后下呼吸道感染调查与预防抗菌药物选择研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 10:08

本文选题：全身麻醉　切入点：下呼吸道感染　出处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年21期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的调查全身麻醉后下呼吸道感染临床特征及预防抗菌药物的选择策略,以有效控制感染。方法收集2012年1月-2014年6月679例外科手术全身麻醉患者临床资料,调查其下呼吸道感染发生率和感染相关因素;对下呼吸道感染患者病原菌分布及其对常用抗菌药物的耐药率进行分析,采用SPSS17.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果 679例患者中全身麻醉后共有39例发生下呼吸道感染,感染率为5.74%;神经外科患者麻醉后下呼吸道感染率为11.66%,显著高于其他手术科室;679例样本中分离出615例病原菌,其中革兰阳性菌116株占18.86%、革兰阴性菌488株占79.35%、其他病原菌11株占1.79%;替考拉宁、万古霉素和头孢曲松对下呼吸道感染革兰阴性菌耐药率较低;亚胺培南、美罗培南和阿米卡星对下呼吸道感染革兰阳性菌耐药率较低。结论了解麻醉后下呼吸道感染相关因素,并分析病原菌种类和耐药性,是制定合理预防药物的依据之一。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the clinical characteristics of lower respiratory tract infection after general anesthesia and the choice of antimicrobial agents to control infection effectively. Methods the clinical data of 679 patients undergoing general anesthesia during surgery from January 2012 to June 2014 were collected. To investigate the incidence of lower respiratory tract infection and related factors of infection, to analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in patients with lower respiratory tract infection and their resistance to common antimicrobial agents. SPSS17.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results there were 39 cases of lower respiratory tract infection after general anesthesia in 679 patients. The infection rate of lower respiratory tract after anesthesia was 11.66, which was significantly higher than that of 679 samples from other surgical departments. Among them, 116 strains of Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 18.86%, 488 strains of Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 79.35%, 11 strains of other pathogens accounted for 1.79%, teicoplanin, vancomycin and ceftriaxone were low resistant to Gram-negative bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection. The resistance rate of meropenem and amikacin to gram-positive bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection was low. Conclusion to understand the related factors of lower respiratory tract infection after anesthesia and to analyze the types and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is one of the bases for making rational preventive drugs.
【作者单位】：滨州市人民医院手术室;
【基金】：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(Y2006C02)
【分类号】：R446.5

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