腰椎后路术后有神经症状硬脊膜外血肿的处理
发布时间:2018-11-01 12:11
【摘要】:目的:回顾性分析腰椎后路术后有神经症状的硬脊膜外血肿的原因及诊治过程,探讨相应的处理对策。方法:2002年1月~2014年12月共有12827例患者行腰椎后路手术,术后发生有神经症状的硬脊膜外血肿21例,其中腰椎间盘突出症2例,腰椎管狭窄症17例,腰椎滑脱症2例(均为Ⅰ度滑脱)。男13例,女8例,年龄53.0±11.6岁(34~78岁);手术节段数:1个节段8例,2个节段9例,3个节段及以上4例。所有患者手术过程顺利,麻醉时间219±66min(141~383min);手术时间147±51min(96~312min);术中出血量485±410ml(50~2000ml)。术后均放置1根引流管。术后在麻醉清醒后1h~5d出现神经损害症状,神经功能ASIA分级A级7例,B级3例,C级8例,D级3例。均行手术探查、血肿清除术,随访观察患者神经功能变化情况。结果:手术探查发现4例椎管内静脉丛有活动性出血,2例止血材料下方血凝块形成,压迫硬膜囊和神经根;2例引流管在伤口内打折,引流受阻;11例血肿压力较高,椎管内未见明确出血点;2例术区为陈旧性积血和凝血块,未见出血,神经根及硬膜囊水肿。其中在出现症状6h以内探查的9例(A级2例,B级1例,C级4例,D级2例)患者探查术后当天神经功能D级8例,E级1例;6~24h内探查的7例(A级2例,B级1例,C级3例,D级1例)患者探查术后神经功能B级1例,C级2例,D级3例,E级1例;超过24h探查的5例(A级3例,B级1例,C级1例)患者探查术后神经功能A级1例,B级2例,C级2例。21例患者均获得随访,随访时间11个月~4年,平均2.0±0.8年,末次随访时,16例神经功能恢复至E级,4例恢复至D级,患者对神经功能恢复满意;另1例术后5d出院回家后出现症状的患者,再次入院探查时已在12d后,神经功能ASIA评级为A级,探查术后无明显改善,经康复治疗11个月后恢复到C级。结论:腰椎后路术后有神经症状的硬脊膜外血肿患者的神经功能在血肿探查清除术后大多可获得改善,越早进行探查手术清除血肿,神经功能恢复越好。术中止血彻底、术后引流通畅、及时有效处理是减少和防治血肿的关键。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze retrospectively the causes, diagnosis and treatment of epidural hematoma with neurological symptoms after lumbar posterior approach. Methods: from January 2002 to December 2014, a total of 12827 patients underwent posterior lumbar vertebrae surgery. There were 21 cases of epidural hematoma with neurological symptoms, including 2 cases of lumbar disc herniation and 17 cases of lumbar spinal stenosis. Lumbar spondylolisthesis occurred in 2 cases (all of them were grade 鈪,
本文编号:2303892
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze retrospectively the causes, diagnosis and treatment of epidural hematoma with neurological symptoms after lumbar posterior approach. Methods: from January 2002 to December 2014, a total of 12827 patients underwent posterior lumbar vertebrae surgery. There were 21 cases of epidural hematoma with neurological symptoms, including 2 cases of lumbar disc herniation and 17 cases of lumbar spinal stenosis. Lumbar spondylolisthesis occurred in 2 cases (all of them were grade 鈪,
本文编号:2303892
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