核电磁脉冲辐照对大鼠肝脏和心脏组织细胞凋亡的影响

发布时间：2018-03-10 06:35

本文选题：核电磁脉冲　切入点：累积辐照　出处：《华东师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：电磁暴露的人体安全性是一个日益受到关注的问题,并由此展开了大量的研究工作。随着研究的发展,人们发现电磁脉冲(EMP)暴露引起的非热效应不容忽视。核电磁脉冲(NEMP)是电磁脉冲的一种。在前期研究中发现,以细胞增殖作为考查指标时,NEMP单次暴露量与即时生物效应之间存在着一定的剂量学关系。那么,生物活体是否具有类似的量效关系?NEMP单次辐照所产生的即时效应是否会恢复?在单次辐照不产生即时效应的情况下,周期性多次辐照是否会产生累积生物效应?为了回答这些问题,本文以大鼠肝脏和心脏组织作为研究对象,围绕着上述问题展开了动物水平上的研究,以期为NEMP暴露的安全标准的制定提供更全面的实验依据。本文首先研究了不同场强(E分别为110kV/m、140kV/m、297 kV/m和873kV/m)和不同脉冲个数(N分别为2、5和100个)的NEMP单次辐照对雄性大鼠肝脏及心脏组织细胞凋亡的影响,以及随照后时间延长的自我修复情况。其中,采用全自动血液分析仪和生化分析仪检测了大鼠血常规指标和血液中与肝脏和心脏功能相关的血清生化指标(谷丙转氨酶ALT、谷草转氨酶AST)的含量；通过末端转移酶标记(Tunel)法标记组织凋亡细胞,从组织形态上观察了肝脏与心脏细胞的凋亡情况；通过酶联免疫吸附试验(Elisa)法检测了肝脏和心脏组织细胞凋亡相关蛋白(促凋亡蛋白Bax、抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2)在总蛋白TP中的含量水平。实验检测了上述各指标在单次辐照后6h、1d、3d、7d、10d、15d的变化情况,以获得细胞损伤与恢复的相关信息。实验结果表明：随着辐照剂量的增加,大鼠肝脏和心脏的受损程度增加,在低场强、脉冲个数很少(E=110 kV/m,N=2)时,无明显的即时效应；当场强较低(E=110 kV/m、140 kV/m, N=5、100)时,有即时效应且在1 d后恢复或基本恢复；当场强较高(E=297kV/m、873 kV/m,N=5、100)时,有明显的即时效应且修复困难。本文随后选取了无明显即时效应(E=110 kV/m, N=2)、有即时效应但已恢复(E=110 kV/m、N=5、100)、有即时效应但未恢复(E=297 kV/m, N=5、100)条件下多次累积辐照产生的组织损伤情况。周期性累积辐照时间分别为7d、14d、21 d和28d,辐照时间间隔为24h。检测指标与方法不变。实验结果表明：NEMP周期性暴露对大鼠肝脏和心脏组织细胞有累积损伤作用,其累积效应的总效果与单次辐照的即时损伤程度以及累积辐照天数均有关联,在本实验条件下可以略粗地用线性关系来表示。
[Abstract]:The human safety of electromagnetic exposure is an issue of increasing concern, and a lot of research work has been carried out. With the development of research, It has been found that the non-thermal effect caused by EMP) exposure can not be ignored. Nuclear electromagnetic pulse NEMPis a kind of electromagnetic pulse. There is a dosimetric relationship between the single exposure of NEMP and the immediate biological effect when cell proliferation is used as an index. So is there a similar dose-effect relationship in living organisms? Will the immediate effect of single NEMP irradiation recover? If a single irradiation does not produce an immediate effect, will periodic multiple exposures produce cumulative biological effects? In order to answer these questions, we studied the liver and heart tissues of rats at the animal level. In order to provide a more comprehensive experimental basis for the formulation of safety standards for NEMP exposure, this paper first studied the effects of single irradiation of NEMP with different field intensities (E = 110 kV / m ~ (-1) = 140 kV / m ~ (97) and 873 kV / m ~ (-1) and N = 2 ~ 5 and N ~ (100) respectively) on male size. The effect of apoptosis in liver and heart of mice, And self-healing over time. The blood routine indexes and serum biochemical indexes related to liver and heart function in rats were measured by automatic blood analyzer and biochemical analyzer. The apoptotic cells of liver and heart were observed by terminal transferase labeling with Tunel method. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) was used to detect the content of apoptosis-related protein (apoptosis-promoting protein Bax-2) in liver and heart tissues in total protein TP. After 6 hours, the change of 1d ~ 3d ~ 7d ~ 7d ~ (10) d ~ (10) ~ (th) ~ (15) d, The results showed that the damage degree of liver and heart increased with the increase of irradiation dose, and there was no obvious immediate effect at low field intensity and few pulses. There was an immediate effect on the spot and recovered or basically recovered after 1 day, while the higher one was 297kV / mr-1 (873 KV / mNV / MN / N5 / 100) on the spot. There is obvious immediate effect and repair difficulty. Subsequently, we select the tissue damage caused by multiple cumulative irradiation under the condition of no obvious immediate effect (110 KV / mHN = 2), which has immediate effect but has recovered 110kV / mHN 5100, and which has immediate effect but does not recover EO297kV / mHN ~ (5100) (n = 10). The results of this paper are as follows: (1) in this paper, we select the tissue damage caused by multiple accumulative irradiation under the condition of no obvious immediate effect and no obvious real time effect. The results showed that the accumulative irradiation time was 7 days, 14 days and 28 days, respectively, and the interval of irradiation time was 24 hours. The detection indexes and methods were not changed. The experimental results showed that the periodic exposure of 1: NEMP had cumulative damage effect on rat liver and heart tissue cells. The total effect of cumulative effect is correlated with the degree of immediate damage and the number of days of cumulative irradiation, which can be expressed by linear relation in this experiment.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R594.8

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