骨质疏松研究热点:骨髓间充质干细胞分化命运

发布时间：2018-04-12 12:23

本文选题：骨质疏松 + 间充质干细胞　；参考：《第二军医大学学报》2017年04期

【摘要】：骨质疏松症是一种常见的代谢性骨病,以骨量减少、骨密度降低和骨微结构破坏为特征,容易发生脆性骨折,其发病率逐年增高。骨质疏松症发病与骨平衡的破坏有关,一方面破骨细胞活性增强、骨吸收加快,另一方面成骨细胞功能衰减、骨形成不足,最终导致净骨量丢失。成骨不足与骨髓间充质干细胞分化方向密切相关。在骨质疏松症患者中,骨髓间充质干细胞向脂肪方向分化增多,向成骨方向分化减少,其分化命运受BMP/Smad、Wnt、Notch、Hedgehog等多条信号通路调控,并涉及转录调控、转录后调控和表观遗传等多种调控机制,是目前研究的热点与焦点。未来研究可集中于寻找决定骨髓间充质干细胞分化方向的关键因子和间充质干细胞移植,为骨质疏松症的治疗提供新思路。
[Abstract]:Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease, characterized by reduced bone mass, reduced bone density and destruction of bone microstructure, which is prone to brittle fracture and its incidence is increasing year by year.The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is related to the destruction of bone balance. On the one hand, the activity of osteoclasts is enhanced, bone resorption is accelerated, on the other hand, the function of osteoblasts is attenuated, and bone formation is insufficient, which leads to the loss of net bone mass.Osteogenesis deficiency is closely related to the differentiation direction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.In patients with osteoporosis, the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into adipose and osteogenic direction is increased and decreased.Posttranscriptional regulation and epigenetic regulation mechanisms are the focus of current research.The future research can focus on the key factors that determine the differentiation direction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells, which provides a new idea for the treatment of osteoporosis.
【作者单位】：第二军医大学长海医院创伤骨科;中韩生物医学工程中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金国际合作项目(8141101156) 上海市科委生物医药专项(15411950600)~~
【分类号】：R580

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