登山杖行走对2型糖尿病前期中老年女性患者干预效果的研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 08:20

本文选题：登山杖行走 + 糖尿病前期　；参考：《上海体育学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的糖尿病的前期,是身体介于正常血糖和糖尿病之间的一种状态,是糖尿病患者的预警信号。2型糖尿病在中老年人人群中尤为常见,随着年龄的增加,生活方式的改变,中老年人人群的体力活动水平下降明显,最终导致了糖尿病的发病率逐年升高。登山杖行走是时下新兴的一种健身方式,对老年人的健康很有益处。本文通过研究登山杖行走对糖尿病前期人群的血糖、血脂水平,身体形态、身体机能以及身体活动指标的影响,建立安全有效的糖调节受损阶段的有氧运动方案,有效降低糖尿病以及前期的患病率,并评价登山杖行走这一新型的锻炼手段是否能够适合在社区中进一步推广。研究方法从上海市东医院挑选并最终确定符合纳入条件的28名女性作为受试者参与实验。实验前对受试者进行医学检查以及运动能力检查,保证其在健康的状况下能够正常的完成实验;测试指标包括空腹血糖、餐后两小时血糖、糖化血红蛋白、甘油三酯、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白等血液指标;身高、体重、体脂率、骨密度和肌肉质量等身体形态指标;收缩压、舒张压、台阶试验、2公里走等身体机能指标。基线测试结果表明,各项指标均没有显著性差异。将受试者随机平均分为两组:运动组和对照组。运动组进行为期6个月的中等强度登山杖行走的运动干预,运动频率为每周2-3次,每次运动的时间30-60分钟不等,通常每次都能保持在45分钟左右。采用计步器和运动管理日志,记录受试者的运动干预情况和日常运动习惯,确保运动组干预过程的运动强度以及对照组维持以往的体力活动不变。6个月的干预结束后,再对两组受试者的血液指标、身体形态指标以及身体机能指标加以测定。用配对t检验和独立t检验,分析干预前后运动组的各项指标的差异,以及与同期对照组相比的差异。研究结果与对照组和干预前自身进行对比,6个月的登山杖步行干预后,运动组的空腹血糖有下降的趋势,餐后两小时血糖有所下降(P0.05),糖化血红蛋白有所下降(P0.05),胆固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白均有下降的趋势,低密度脂蛋白有所下降(P0.05);体重有所下降(P0.05),体脂率略有降低,骨密度、全身肌肉质量略有增加,上肢肌肉质量有显著性增加(P0.05);2公里走速度增加,台阶实验1分钟后心率降低明显(P0.05)。计步器记录的身体活动指标,运动组与对照组有显著性差异(P0.01)。研究结论登山杖行走运动干预可以有效减少2型糖尿病前期患者的空腹血糖及2小时后的血糖含量,降低糖化血红蛋白值,有效改善胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白的含量,同时减轻患者全身脂肪含量,提高上肢肌肉质量,塑造良好的身体形态,改善糖调节受损人群的身体素质,增强了患者的有氧耐力素质和心肺功能的调节能力。
[Abstract]:Objective the early stage of diabetes mellitus is a state between normal blood sugar and diabetes mellitus. It is a warning signal for diabetes patients. Type 2 diabetes is especially common in the middle and old people. With the increase of age, life style changes. The level of physical activity of middle-aged and elderly people decreased obviously, which resulted in the incidence of diabetes increased year by year. Walking a walking stick is a new way to keep fit, which is beneficial to the health of the elderly. In this paper, we studied the effects of walking stick on blood sugar, blood lipids, body shape, body function and body activity index of pre-diabetic population, and established a safe and effective aerobic exercise program in impaired stage of glucose regulation. It can effectively reduce the prevalence of diabetes and preexisting disease, and evaluate whether the new exercise method of walking stick is suitable for further promotion in the community. Methods 28 women eligible for inclusion were selected from Shanghai East Hospital to participate in the experiment. The subjects were given medical and motor tests before the experiment to ensure that they would be able to complete the experiment normally in a healthy state. The parameters included fasting blood glucose, two hours postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, triglyceride, cholesterol, High density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein; height, weight, body fat ratio, bone mineral density and muscle mass; systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, step test and 2 km walk. The results of baseline test showed that there was no significant difference in each index. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: exercise group and control group. The exercise group carried on the exercise intervention of the middle intensity walking stick for 6 months. The exercise frequency was 2-3 times a week, the time of each exercise varied from 30 to 60 minutes, and usually kept at about 45 minutes each time. The exercise intervention and daily exercise habits of the subjects were recorded by means of pedometer and exercise management log to ensure that the exercise intensity of the intervention process and the control group remained the same as those of the control group. After 6 months of intervention, the exercise intensity of the exercise group and the control group remained unchanged. Then the blood index, body shape index and body function index of the two groups were measured. Paired t test and independent t test were used to analyze the differences between exercise group and control group before and after intervention. The results of the study were compared with those of the control group and the control group before intervention. After 6 months of walking with the walking stick, the fasting blood glucose of the exercise group tended to decrease, the blood glucose of the two hours after meal decreased P0.05N, the glycosylated hemoglobin decreased P0.05A, cholesterol, cholesterol. Both triglyceride and high density lipoprotein (HDL) showed a downward trend, low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) decreased P0.05, body weight decreased (P0.05), body fat rate decreased slightly, bone mineral density (BMD) slightly increased, and muscle mass increased slightly. The muscle mass of upper extremity was significantly increased. The speed of walking 2 km was increased, and the heart rate decreased significantly after one minute step experiment. There was significant difference in body activity between exercise group and control group (P 0.01). Conclusion the intervention of treadmill walking can effectively reduce the fasting blood glucose and blood glucose after 2 hours in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, decrease the level of glycosylated hemoglobin, and improve the contents of cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein effectively. At the same time, the body fat content of the patients was reduced, the muscle quality of upper limb was improved, the good body shape was molded, the body quality of the impaired group was improved, and the aerobic endurance quality and cardiopulmonary function of the patients were enhanced.
【学位授予单位】：上海体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R587.1;G881

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