唐山市职业人群甲状腺结节的患病情况及影响因素

发布时间：2018-07-15 12:12

【摘要】：目的分析唐山市职业人群甲状腺结节的患病情况及相关影响因素,为唐山市甲状腺结节的防治工作提供理论依据,以期降低甲状腺结节在健康人群中的患病率。方法采用问卷调查、体格检查、甲状腺超声检查方法,收集2013年10月~2014年10月进行健康体检的医务人员、大学教师、公安干警、银行职员、公务员、厂企工人6种职业人群的信息资料。根据纳入标准及排除标准共纳入8500名调查对象,其中男性4488名,女性4012名,年龄23~75岁。应用SPSS17.0对所有数据进行统计分析,计数资料采用百分率(%)表示,组间率的比较采用卡方(χ2)检验;相关影响因素分析采用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。检验水准:P0.05为有统计学意义。结果1唐山市8500名职业人群检出甲状腺结节3245例,甲状腺结节患病率为38.2%;按年龄分组,不同年龄组甲状腺结节患病率比较,有统计学差异(χ2=607.990,P0.01),随着年龄的增长,甲状腺结节患病率呈增长趋势(χ2=580.392,P0.01)。按性别因素分层,随着年龄增长,男和女性甲状腺结节患病率都呈升高趋势(男性:χ2=285.408,P0.01;女性:χ2=312.315,P0.01);按性别分组,女性甲状腺结节患病率(44.8%)明显高于男性(32.3%)(χ2=139.781,P0.01)。按年龄因素分层,女性结节患病率在20~、30~、40~、50~、≥60岁组中均高于男性(χ2分别=8.161,23.958,93.371,22.482,15.877;P均0.01);按不同职业分组,6种不同职业间甲状腺结节的患病率不同(χ2=7.057,P0.01),医务人员、大学教师、公安干警、银行职员、公务、厂企工人患病率经年龄标准化后比较,标准化率分别为51.0%、38.3%、32.1%、38.7%、34.6%、34.7%,其中医务人员患病率最高,然后依次为银行职员、大学教师、厂企工人、公务员、公安干警。2单因素分析:体重指数、常吃海产品、压力、不良情绪、处事态度、焦虑、甲状腺家族史、甲状腺疾病史、血压、血糖与甲状腺结节患病率有关(P均0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析:矫正后,性别、年龄、职业、体重指数、压力、不良情绪、处事态度、焦虑、有甲状腺家族史、高血压、高血糖是甲状腺结节的独立影响因素(P均0.05)。结论1唐山市职业人群甲状腺结节患病率较高,女性明显高于男性,患病率均随着年龄增长而显著升高。不同职业间甲状腺结节的患病率不同,经年龄标准化后比较,职业风险高、压力大的医务人员患病率最高,然后依次为银行职员、大学教师、厂企工人、公务员、公安干警。2性别、年龄、职业、BMI、压力、不良情绪、焦虑、处事态度、有甲状腺家族史、高血压、高血糖为甲状腺结节的独立影响因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the prevalence of thyroid nodule in the occupational population of Tangshan and its related influencing factors, and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of thyroid nodule in Tangshan City, in order to reduce the prevalence rate of thyroid nodule in healthy population. Methods Medical staff, university teachers, police officers, bank employees and civil servants were collected by questionnaire, physical examination and thyroid ultrasound examination from October 2013 to October 2014. Information materials of 6 kinds of occupational groups of factory workers. According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, a total of 8500 subjects were included, including 4488 males and 4012 females aged 2375 years. All the data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 17.0, the counting data were expressed as percentage (%), the rate between groups was compared by chi-square test (蠂 ~ 2), and the correlation factors were analyzed by multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis. The test level of 0. 05 is statistically significant. Results (1) 3245 cases of thyroid nodules were detected in 8500 occupational population in Tangshan City, the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules was 38.2%, and there was statistical difference in the prevalence of thyroid nodules among different age groups according to age group (蠂 2 + 607.990 P 0.01), and with the increase of age, there was a significant difference between the two groups. The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules showed an increasing trend (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ (580.392) P _ (0.01). According to sex factors, the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules in both males and females increased with age (蠂 2 285.408 P 0.01 for males and 312.315 P0.01 for females), and the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules in females (44.8%) was significantly higher than that in males (32.3%) (蠂 2139.781P0.01). According to age factors, the incidence of thyroid nodules in women was higher than that in men (蠂 2 = 8.161 卤23.95893.371or 22.48215.877, P 0.01, respectively), and the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules was different among 6 different occupations (蠂 27.057P0.01), medical staff, university teachers, police officers, medical staff, university teachers, police officers and police officers. After age standardization, the prevalence rates of bank workers, public servants and factory workers were 51.0% and 38.3%, respectively. The standardized rate was 38.1% and 38.7% respectively. The medical workers had the highest prevalence rate, followed by bank clerks, university teachers, factory workers, and civil servants. Single factor analysis: body mass index (BMI), frequent consumption of seafood, stress, bad mood, attitude to business, anxiety, family history of thyroid gland, history of thyroid disease, blood pressure and blood sugar were related to the prevalence of thyroid nodule (all P 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex, age, occupation, body mass index, stress, bad emotion, attitude to business, anxiety, family history of thyroid gland, hypertension and hyperglycemia were independent influencing factors of thyroid nodule after correction (P 0.05). Conclusion 1 the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules in the occupational population in Tangshan City was higher than that in the male population, and the prevalence rate increased with the increase of age. The prevalence rate of thyroid nodule was different among different occupations. Compared with age standardization, the prevalence rate of thyroid nodule was the highest among the medical staff with high occupational risk and high pressure, followed by bank staff, university teachers, factory and enterprise workers, and civil servants. Gender, age, occupational BMIs, stress, bad mood, anxiety, attitude to work, family history of thyroid gland, hypertension and hyperglycemia were independent influencing factors of thyroid nodule.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R581.3

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