2001-2015年我国术前和受血前群体HIV筛查阳性率的研究

发布时间：2018-07-15 21:10

【摘要】：目的掌握中国临床术前和输血前患者艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性检出率分布及其变化趋势,为开展有针对性HIV防控提供理论依据。方法检索并提取2001-2015年中国临床术前和输血前人群HIV筛查数据,使用生态学分析描述其HIV感染率水平、分布特征和随时间的变化趋势。结果共纳入351篇符合要求的中文文献,临床术前和输血前患者筛查HIV总阳性率为0.14%(5 377/3 730 591)。研究对象HIV阳性率存在地区差异性,由高到低依次为西部0.35%(3807/1 083 693),中部0.09%(999/1 082 922);东南部0.05%(522/1 046 453);东北部0.01%(49/517 523)。研究对象HIV阳性率随研究时间呈上升趋势,从2001-2005年间0.08%(452/579 802)上升至2011-2015年间的0.17%(1 128/646 196)(趋势性P值0.01)。除东北地区、高收入水平地区及HIV低流行水平地区外,其他区域研究对象的HIV阳性检出率随研究时间均呈上升趋势(趋势性P值均0.01)。结论近年来中国多区域临床术前和输血前患者的HIV检出率水平较高且呈上升趋势,值得关注。相关部门需加强对其HIV疫情的监测和防控,并通过开展相关教育防止临床医务人员的HIV职业暴露。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the distribution and trend of HIV positive detection rate in Chinese clinical patients before and before transfusion, and to provide theoretical basis for HIV prevention and control. Methods the HIV screening data were retrieved and collected from 2001 to 2015 in Chinese population before and before transfusion. The HIV infection rate, distribution and trend over time were described by ecological analysis. Results the total positive rate of HIV screening was 0.14% (5 377 / 3 730 591). There were regional differences in HIV positive rates, from high to low: 0.35% (3807 / 1083,693) in the west, 0.09% (999 / 1,082,922) in the middle, 0.05% (522 / 1,046,453) in the southeast and 0.01% (49517,523) in the northeast. The HIV positive rate increased from 0.08% (452 / 579,802) in 2001-2005 to 0.17% (1,128 / 646,196) in 2011-2015 (trend P 0.01). With the exception of Northeast China, high income area and low HIV prevalence area, the positive rate of HIV in other regions showed an increasing trend with the study time (P < 0.01). Conclusion in recent years, the prevalence of HIV in Chinese patients before and before blood transfusion is high and rising, which is worthy of attention. The relevant departments should strengthen the surveillance and prevention and control of the HIV epidemic and prevent the occupational exposure of HIV to clinical medical staff through relevant education.
【作者单位】：中国医科大学附属第一医院检验科卫计委艾滋病免疫学重点实验室;
【基金】：国家“十二五”科技重大专项基金资助项目(2012ZX10001-006) 辽宁省教育厅重点实验室项目(LZ2014038) 中国医科大学附属第一医院科技基金项目(FSFH1512)~~
【分类号】：R512.91

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