骨质疏松患者健康行为干预模型和理论

发布时间：2018-10-26 15:11

【摘要】：骨质疏松是一种全身性代谢性骨疾病,一旦发生,难以逆转,并且会带来很多严重的并发症,如骨痛、骨折等。药物治疗存在一定的局限性,难以根治骨质疏松。在干预中,规范骨质疏松患者的行为可以在很大程度上防止骨质疏松的发生及恶化。国内外研究多致力于骨质疏松的治疗和三级预防。目前,应用于骨质疏松患者干预的理论模型有知识、信念、行为(KAP)模式,健康信念模式(HBM)和动机性访谈(MI)。信息—动机—行为(IMB)技巧模型与以往的健康相关行为改变模式相比,从合理行为理论借鉴了对"动机"的理解,从社会思考理论中引入"自我效能"概念。构建IMB模型既能分析各变量的独立影响,又能分析其通过何种路径作用于最后的行为,为将来骨质疏松的干预提供切入点,对不同人群提出更有针对性干预措施,在骨质疏松患者行为干预方面拥有巨大前景。
[Abstract]:Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease, once occurring, difficult to reverse, and will bring many serious complications, such as bone pain, fracture and so on. Drug therapy has some limitations and it is difficult to cure osteoporosis. In intervention, regulating the behavior of osteoporosis patients can prevent the occurrence and deterioration of osteoporosis to a great extent. Domestic and foreign studies are devoted to the treatment of osteoporosis and three-level prevention. At present, the theoretical models applied to the intervention of osteoporosis patients are knowledge, belief, behavioral (KAP) model, health belief model (HBM) and motivational interview (MI). Compared with the previous health-related behavior change model, the information-motivation-behavior (IMB) skill model draws on the understanding of "motivation" from the theory of rational behavior, and introduces the concept of "self-efficacy" from the theory of social thinking. The IMB model can not only analyze the independent influence of each variable, but also analyze the path through which it acts on the final behavior, which provides a breakthrough point for the future intervention of osteoporosis, and puts forward more targeted intervention measures for different populations. There are great prospects for behavioral intervention in patients with osteoporosis.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学公共卫生学院;
【基金】：第9期上海交通大学医学院“大学生创新训练项目”(2015032) 国家自然科学基金(71603167)~~
【分类号】：R580

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