微信健康教育对青岛社区老年骨质疏松症患者生活质量的影响

发布时间：2018-11-05 11:40

【摘要】：目的:调查青岛社区老年人骨质疏松症(OP)的知识了解情况、知识获取途径并分析影响因素,探讨在微信模式下的健康教育对社区老年骨质疏松症患者的生活质量的影响。方法:首先选取青岛某社区诊断老年骨质疏松症的患者120例作为研究对象,采用骨质疏松知识测试(OKT)及美国简明健康测量表(SF-36)修订中文版作为研究用的调查问卷,对上述选取的120例调查对象,进行问卷调查,分析调查对象OP的分析调查对象OP的患病现状及影响因素;然后按随机数字表的方法进行随机分组,将纳入的调查对象分为干预组及对照组各60例。对照组研究对象接受骨质疏松高危因素、运动指导、钙知识及其他相关知识的普通社区教育;干预组利用微信(一种电子公众社交平台)的便捷性,在对照组之上增加了微信健康教育。即通过微信设立“骨质疏松家园群聊”,呈现的形式结合了图文、音频、视频及动画等,实现了实时的用药和户外活动提醒和指导。在进行健康教育干预12个月之后,再采用上述相同的问卷进行现场问卷调查并评定结果,包括两组老年骨质疏松症患者对骨质疏松症知识了解的程度、危险行为因素的改变情况以及生理、心理等多维度变化的情况。结果:1.青岛社区老年骨质疏松症患者的基本情况调查,试验前两组年龄、性别、身高、体重及受教育水平等及OKT知识量表评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2.干预组经过12个月的微信健康管理干预后OKT知识量表评分与试验前相比增高,差别有统计学意义(t=16.5,P=0.000)。3.青岛社区老年骨质疏松症患者均存在较多骨质疏松症的高危行为,试验后干预组缺乏运动、少食豆制品及奶制品、久坐、吸烟、缺乏日光照射、喜食素食、大量饮用咖啡及浓茶均较干预前有降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。4.试验后干预组SF-36的各维度评分中,PF、BP、RP、GH、VT、SF及MH分值提高并较对照组差异均有显著性(P0.05)。对照组试验后SF-36的各维度评分中,PF、RP、BP及GH的得分降低,试验前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。干预组试验后SF-36评分中,PF、BP、GH、VT、SF得分较前上升,试验前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:1.青岛社区老年骨质疏松症的患者的常识掌握缺乏周全及科学性,存在较多的高危行为。2.微信健康教育较一般教育更能减少老年人骨质疏松症的高危生活行为,从心理、生理及社会功能等多方面改善老年骨质疏松患者的生活质量。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the knowledge, knowledge acquisition and influencing factors of (OP) in elderly patients with osteoporosis in Qingdao community, and to explore the effect of health education under WeChat mode on the quality of life of elderly patients with osteoporosis in the community. Methods: one hundred and twenty patients with senile osteoporosis in a community in Qingdao were selected as the study subjects. (OKT) of osteoporosis knowledge and revised Chinese version of American brief Health scale (SF-36) were used as the questionnaire for the study. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 120 subjects selected above. The prevalence status and influencing factors of OP were analyzed in the subjects of OP. The subjects were divided into intervention group (n = 60) and control group (n = 60). The subjects of the control group received general community education on high risk factors of osteoporosis, exercise guidance, calcium knowledge and other related knowledge. The intervention group used the convenience of WeChat, an electronic public social platform, to add WeChat health education to the control group. Namely through WeChat set up "Osteoporosis Homeland chat", the present form combines the picture text, the audio frequency, the video and the animation and so on, has realized the real-time medication and the outdoor activity reminder and the instruction. After 12 months of intervention in health education, the same questionnaire was used to conduct field surveys and assess the results, including the extent to which the two groups of elderly patients with osteoporosis knew about osteoporosis. The change of risk behavior factors and the change of physiology and psychology. The result is 1: 1. There was no significant difference in age, sex, height, weight, education level and OKT knowledge scale score between the two groups before the trial (P0.05). After 12 months of WeChat health management intervention, the scores of OKT knowledge scale in the intervention group were significantly higher than those before the trial (tr 16.5 P < 0.000). 3. The elderly patients with osteoporosis in Qingdao community all had high risk behaviors of osteoporosis. After the trial, the intervention group lacked exercise, ate less soybean products and dairy products, sat long, smoked, lacked sunlight, and liked to eat vegetarian food. Large quantities of coffee and strong tea were lower than before intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The scores of PF,BP,RP,GH,VT,SF and MH in each dimension of SF-36 in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P0.05). In the control group, the scores of PF,RP,BP and GH decreased in each dimension score of SF-36 after the experiment, the difference before and after the experiment was statistically significant (P0.05). In the SF-36 score of the intervention group, the PF,BP,GH,VT,SF score was higher than that of the former, and the difference was statistically significant before and after the trial (P0.05). Conclusion: 1. The common sense of the elderly patients with osteoporosis in Qingdao community is lack of comprehensive and scientific knowledge, and there are more high risk behaviors. 2. WeChat health education can reduce the high risk behaviors of osteoporosis and improve the quality of life of elderly patients with osteoporosis in many aspects such as psychology physiology and social function.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R580

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