中国成人糖尿病患者病情知晓对行为的影响

发布时间：2018-11-13 13:58

【摘要】：目的:了解中国糖尿病患病知晓现状,探讨糖尿病知晓情况对患者行为的影响,为糖尿病防控相关政策和策略的制定提供依据。方法:选取2013年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测数据库中297个监测县(区)的调查数据,描述性分析糖尿病患病和知晓情况,采用卡方检验比较知晓自身患病和不知晓自身患病的糖尿病患者行为方式的分布有无差异,运用多元Logistic回归分析知晓情况对患者行为方式的影响。结果:有效样本为175 670人,2013年中国成人糖尿病自报患病率为3.9%,知晓率为38.6%。在控制城乡、地区、年龄、性别、民族、婚姻状态、教育程度、职业和收入因素后,知晓自身患病的糖尿病患者当前吸烟(OR=0.79)、饮酒(OR=0.58)的可能性显著低于不知晓自身患病的糖尿病患者,知晓自身患病的患者平均每周身体活动时间大于150 min的可能性显著高于不知晓自身患病的患者(OR=1.30)。结论:中国糖尿病知晓率仍处于较低水平,知晓自身是否患有糖尿病对患者吸烟、饮酒和身体活动情况产生影响。健康教育和健康检查工作需在时间和空间上进一步拓展,且需要各部门广泛配合,最终形成综合个体、卫生系统和社会经济层面的政策环境来预防与控制糖尿病。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in China, and to explore the effect of diabetes knowledge on patients' behavior, and to provide evidence for the formulation of diabetes prevention and control policies. Methods: the survey data of 297 monitoring counties (districts) of chronic diseases and their risk factors in China in 2013 were selected to analyze the prevalence and knowledge of diabetes mellitus. Chi-square test was used to compare the distribution of behavior patterns of diabetic patients who knew their own disease and did not know their own disease, and the influence of knowledge on patients' behavior was analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results: the effective sample was 175,670. The self-reported prevalence of diabetes in Chinese adults in 2013 was 3.9, and the awareness rate was 38.6. After controlling for urban and rural, regional, age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, educational level, occupation and income factors, they knew that their diabetes patients were currently smoking (OR=0.79). The likelihood of drinking alcohol (OR=0.58) was significantly lower than that of diabetic patients who did not know their own disease. The average weekly physical activity time of patients with self-illness was more than 150 min, and that of patients without knowing their own disease (OR=1.30) was significantly higher than that of patients without knowledge of their own disease (OR=1.30). Conclusion: the awareness rate of diabetes mellitus in China is still at a low level. Knowing if you have diabetes affects the smoking, drinking and physical activity of patients. Health education and health examination work need to be further expanded in time and space, and all departments need to cooperate widely to form a comprehensive individual, health system and socio-economic policy environment to prevent and control diabetes.
【作者单位】：北京大学公共卫生学院卫生政策与管理系;中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R587.1

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