绝经前后女性听力变化相关因素分析

发布时间：2018-12-26 13:44

【摘要】：目的探讨绝经前后女性听力变化及影响因素。方法在45~55岁参加体检的女性中,每纳入一位绝经者,按其年龄±1岁,匹配一位月经规律者,即对绝经组、月经规律组受试者进行年龄匹配,最终分为绝经组、月经规律组,每组各60例,共120例。分别测定各组生殖激素、左右耳低频至超高频空气传导、骨传导的听力阈值,进行组间比较并分析其影响因素。结果听力阈值绝经组在下述频率右耳空气传导4 000 Hz、8 000 Hz、10 000 Hz、12 500 Hz及16 000 Hz,左耳空气传导4 000 Hz、12 500 Hz及16 000 Hz;右耳骨传导4 000 Hz及8 000 Hz,左耳骨传导4 000 Hz均显著低于月经规律组(P0.05)。其中,在16 000 Hz频率,绝经组和月经规律组右耳空气传导听力阈值分别为(57.93±19.17)分贝和(42.5±17.96)分贝,左耳空气传导听力阈值分别为(54.57±19.17)分贝、和(43.9±18.99)分贝。在绝经组和月经规律组内,吸烟亚组左、右耳听力超高频听力阈值均显著低于不吸烟亚组(P0.05)。绝经、被动吸烟和突发耳聋史是女性绝经前后听力下降的不利因素。结论绝经与女性各频段听力下降存在密切关联,尤其是高频、超高频。被动吸烟和突发耳聋史是绝经前后女性高频听力下降的不利因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the changes and influencing factors of female hearing before and after menopause. Methods in the 45 to 55 year old women who took part in the physical examination, each menopausal woman who matched one menstrual regularity according to his age 卤1 years old was divided into menopausal group and menstrual regularity group, the subjects in the menopausal group and the menstrual regular group were matched for age, and were divided into the menopausal group and the menstrual regular group. There were 60 cases in each group, 120 cases in total. The hearing threshold of low frequency to ultra high frequency air conduction and bone conduction were measured and compared among groups and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results in the hearing threshold menopause group, the right ear air conduction was 4 000 Hz,8 000 Hz,10 000 Hz,12 500 Hz and 16 000 Hz, left ear air conduction 4 000 Hz,12 500 Hz and 16 000 Hz; at the following frequencies. The right ear bone conduction 4 000 Hz and 8 000 Hz, left ear bone conduction 4 000 Hz were significantly lower than the menstrual regular group (P 0.05). At the frequency of 16000 Hz, the hearing threshold of the right ear and left ear were (57.93 卤19.17) dB and (42.5 卤17.96) dB, respectively, and (54.57 卤19.17) dB in the menopausal and menstrual regular groups, respectively. And (43.9 卤18.99) decibels. In menopausal group and menstrual regular group, the hearing threshold of left and right ear in smoking subgroup was significantly lower than that in non-smoking subgroup (P0.05). Menopause, passive smoking and sudden deafness are the unfavorable factors of hearing loss before and after menopause. Conclusion Menopause is closely related to hearing loss in women, especially in high frequency and ultra high frequency. Passive smoking and sudden deafness were unfavorable factors for high frequency hearing loss in postmenopausal women.
【作者单位】：北京市第八中学;首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院;北京大学人民医院;北京大学生命科学院;北京大学公共卫生学院;
【基金】：中国科学技术协会“中学生科技创新后备人才培养计划”项目北京市首都临床特色应用研究项目(Z131107002213088)
【分类号】：R711.75

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