重庆地区2型糖尿病患者生存质量及其影响因素调查分析

发布时间：2019-01-30 08:56

【摘要】：目的：分析2型糖尿病患者知信行水平及生存质量的分布情况,探讨2型糖尿病患者生存质量及其影响因素,为糖尿病防控措施制定提供参考依据。方法：采取分层四阶段抽样法,随机抽取重庆DJ县、YB区18岁以上2型糖尿病患者,调查糖尿病患者一般人口学资料和糖尿病知信行水平,采用糖尿病患者生存质量特异性量表(DSQL)对其生存质量进行测评。采用单因素分析,Spearman相关分析和多元逐步线性回归分析进行生存质量影响因素分析。结果：共调查了496例糖尿病患者,有效率为98.8%,平均年龄64.62±9.67岁,DJ县222例(44.8%),YB区274例(55.2%)。糖尿病患者知信行平均(50.78±11.46)分,均值占满分比值为49.30%,态度得分均值占满分比例最高(82.18%),知识得分均值占满分比值最低(25.11%)。糖尿病患者生存质量平均(60.53±14.69)分,DJ县患者生存质量较YB区患者差,DSQL的4个维度评分从高到低为生理功能、心理/精神、治疗维度和社会关系,患者生理功能的生存质量最差。患者DSQL各个维度“有问题”水平比例较高的有：视力困难频度、糖尿病治疗效果满意度、与他人交流病情及相关知识频度、饮食控制对日常生活影响程度。单因素分析,Spearman相关分析和多元逐步线性回归分析结果显示,糖尿病患者生存质量影响因素有：性别、病程、户口类型、文化程度、人月均收入、有无并发症、是否选择运动治疗、血糖控制满意度。女性患者生存质量得分高于男性患者,女性生存质量较男性差；患者随着病程加长,生存质量降低；城镇患者生存质量较农村患者好；受教育程度越高患者生存质量越好；经济条件较好的患者生存质量较好；伴有并发症的患者生存质量较差；选择运动治疗的患者生存质量较好；生存质量各个维度及总评分与态度、行为、KAP水平呈正相关。结论：重庆2型糖尿病患者生存质量较差,受损最严重的是生理功能,DJ县患者生存质量较YB区患者差,生存质量的主要问题有患者视力受损严重,饮食控制对患者日常生活有很大影响,患者对糖尿病治疗效果不满意及患者很少与他人交流糖尿病相关知识。患者生存质量影响因素有：性别、病程、户口类型、文化程度、人月均收入、有无并发症、是否选择运动治疗、血糖控制满意度。应加强对糖尿病患者的健康教育,提高患者的糖尿病知晓率和自我管理水平,培养患者积极乐观的心态,进而提高患者生存质量。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the distribution of knowledge, behavior and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes, to explore the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes and its influencing factors, and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of diabetes. Methods: type 2 diabetes patients aged over 18 years old in DJ county and YB district of Chongqing were randomly selected by stratified four-stage sampling. The general demographic data and the level of knowledge, belief and practice of diabetes mellitus were investigated. The quality of life (QOL) of diabetic patients was evaluated by (DSQL). Single factor analysis, Spearman correlation analysis and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of quality of life. Results: a total of 496 patients with diabetes mellitus were investigated, the effective rate was 98.8, the average age was 64.62 卤9.67 years old, and the average age was 64.62 卤9.67 years old. In DJ county, there were 222 cases (44.8%) in), YB area, 274 cases (55.2%). The average score of knowledge and belief was (50.78 卤11.46), the mean value was 49.30, the average score of attitude was the highest (82.18%), and the average of knowledge was the lowest (25.11%). The average quality of life of diabetic patients was (60.53 卤14.69). The quality of life of patients in DJ County was worse than that of patients in YB area. The scores of four dimensions of DSQL from high to low were physiological function, psychology / spirit, therapeutic dimension and social relationship. The quality of life of patients with physiological function was the worst. The patients with DSQL had a higher proportion of "problematic" level: frequency of vision difficulties, satisfaction with the effect of diabetes treatment, frequency of communicating disease and related knowledge with others, and degree of influence of diet control on daily life. Univariate analysis, Spearman correlation analysis and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of quality of life of diabetic patients were gender, course of disease, type of hukou, education level, income per person per month, and whether there were complications. Whether to choose exercise therapy, blood glucose control satisfaction. The quality of life of female patients is higher than that of male patients, and the quality of life of female patients is worse than that of men; the quality of life of patients in cities and towns is better than that of rural patients; the higher the level of education is, the better the quality of life of patients is. The patients with better economic condition had better quality of life; patients with complications had poor quality of life; patients who chose exercise therapy had better quality of life; all dimensions of quality of life and total score were positively correlated with attitude behavior and KAP level. Conclusion: the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes in Chongqing is poor, the most serious one is physiological function. The quality of life of patients in DJ county is worse than that of patients in YB area. The main problem of quality of life is that the visual acuity of patients is damaged seriously. Dietary control has a great impact on the daily life of patients, patients are not satisfied with the effect of diabetes treatment and rarely communicate diabetes related knowledge with others. The influencing factors of patients' quality of life were gender, course of disease, type of hukou, education level, average income per person / month, complication or not, whether to choose exercise treatment or not, and satisfaction degree of blood sugar control. We should strengthen the health education of the patients with diabetes, improve the awareness rate and self-management level of diabetes mellitus, cultivate the positive and optimistic attitude of the patients, and then improve the quality of life of the patients.
【学位授予单位】：重庆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R587.1

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