武汉市老年人慢性病患病现状及知信行调查

发布时间：2019-05-28 22:43

【摘要】：目的探讨武汉市老年人慢性病现状单分析相关健康行为的影响因素。方法采用问卷调查方式,在武汉市某养老院及部分社区随机抽取657名老年人进行调查,调查内容包括社会人口学特征、慢性病患病情况及相关健康促进情况。结果被访老年人中69.9%患有慢性病,18.7%患两种慢性病,11.9%患3种及以上。高血压患病者最多,占被调查者的30.1%,其次是心血管疾病(14.8%)、糖尿病(12.6%)、关节炎(12.3%)。与男性相比,女性更易患关节炎(P0.05)。55.3%的老年人不了解慢性呼吸系统疾病,只有4.4%了解较多。慢性病患者对其所患慢性病了解较少、了解一些、了解很多的比例分别为41.0%,52.3%,6.8%。21.5%的老年人从不锻炼,71.7%从不吸烟,15.4%过去吸烟,12.9%现在吸烟。以前吸烟或缺乏锻炼者患癌症的危险高于不吸烟和经常锻炼者。结论慢性病与不健康的生活方式有关,吸烟、缺乏锻炼均是罹患慢性病的危险因素。老年人对慢性病的认知程度普遍较低,应加强健康促进活动,提高老年人慢性病认知水平和纠正不良生活方式。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the influencing factors of chronic diseases in the elderly in Wuhan. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 657 elderly people in a nursing home and some communities in Wuhan. The survey included the demographic characteristics of society, the prevalence of chronic diseases and the related health promotion. Results 69.9% of the elderly were suffering from chronic diseases, 18.7% with two chronic diseases and 11.9% with 3 or more kinds of chronic diseases. Hypertension accounted for 30.1% of the respondents, followed by cardiovascular disease (14.8%), diabetes mellitus (12.6%) and arthritis (12.3%). Compared with men, women were more likely to suffer from arthritis (P 0.05). 55.3% of the elderly did not know about chronic respiratory diseases, only 4.4% knew more. Patients with chronic diseases know less about the chronic diseases they suffer from. The proportion of patients with chronic diseases is 41.0%, 52.3%, 6.8%. 21.5% of the elderly never exercise and 71.7% never smoke. 15.4% used to smoke and 12.9% now smoke. Those who used to smoke or lack exercise had a higher risk of cancer than those who did not smoke and exercise regularly. Conclusion chronic diseases are related to unhealthy lifestyles. Smoking and lack of exercise are risk factors for chronic diseases. The cognition of chronic diseases is generally low in the elderly. Health promotion activities should be strengthened to improve the cognition level of chronic diseases and correct the bad lifestyle of the elderly.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院;武汉市江岸区疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金资助项目(No.15BSH118)
【分类号】：R592

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