皮肤癌变组织透射式太赫兹光谱成像研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 06:14

本文选题：THz-TDS技术　切入点：透射式　出处：《天津大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)技术的发展,该技术在医疗诊断领域的研究得到更广阔的应用。由于生物大分子的振动能级大多数都处于THz波段,因此,THz-TDS技术能够用来研究生物组织的信息,有望成为研究生物组织的有效手段,并在分子水平上揭示癌变组织的一些特征。这种新型的光谱技术除自身具有一些独特的优越性外,在医学诊断上与傅里叶红外光谱法之间存在一定的相近性。与传统的病理学诊断相比,THz-TDS技术在医学领域的发展可能提供快速无损的诊断结果,而且对癌变组织的前期诊断具有更高的敏感性。本文简要阐述了太赫兹时域光谱技术的原理与应用潜力,着重介绍了该技术在医疗诊断领域的研究工作。对实验室的THz-TDS系统进行改进:将原有的手动扫描成像系统改为电机自动控制的扫描系统,重新设计加工了二维平移台的机械结构。利用透射式太赫兹时域光谱技术获取人体正常皮肤组织和癌变组织的THz时域光谱,并对得到THz谱线进行分析。首先对实验得到透过样品的THz时域信号的数据成像描绘出样品的轮廓以及产生病变组织的大致区域;再经过傅立叶变换得到频域信号,进一步计算得出样品多个测量点对THz的吸收曲线,通过观察这些曲线得出在1.35THz、1.65THz和2.2THz处样品的吸收峰最为明显。利用这三个敏感吸收峰的数据分别对样品成像,结果显示在1.35THz和1.65THz处皮肤组织中癌变成分对THz吸收明显。成像结果中吸收强烈的部位接近于病理诊断的癌变部位,而在2.2THz处的成像中这一位置与病理诊断的位置相差很大。结果表明在皮肤组织诊断中THz的频段应控制在2.2THz以下的低频范围。通过对比研究正常皮肤组织和癌变组织的太赫兹光谱发现,正常皮肤组织与癌变组织的THz谱线表现出很大的差异性。对于这种结果有学者分析是水对THz的吸收比较强烈,而癌变组织与健康组织相比,由于营养成分更丰富,含水量也较高。因此,在吸收特性上二者存在差异。而本文认为差异还应该来源于癌变组织中成分变化带来综合的影响。研究显示THz-TDS技术在生物医学上诊断的可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz) technique, this technique has been widely used in the field of medical diagnosis. Most of the vibrational energy levels of biomolecules are in the THz band. Therefore, THz-TDS technology can be used to study the information of biological tissue, and it is expected to be an effective means to study biological tissue. Some characteristics of cancerous tissue are revealed at the molecular level. This new spectral technique has some unique advantages in addition to its own unique advantages. Compared with the traditional pathological diagnosis, the development of THz-TDS technology in medical field may provide rapid and nondestructive diagnostic results. Moreover, it is more sensitive to the early diagnosis of cancerous tissue. In this paper, the principle and application potential of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy are briefly described. This paper emphatically introduces the research work of this technology in the field of medical diagnosis. The THz-TDS system in the laboratory is improved: the original manual scanning imaging system is changed into an automatic motor control scanning system. The mechanical structure of the two-dimensional translation platform was redesigned. The THz time-domain spectra of normal skin and cancerous tissues were obtained by using the transmission terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz). The THz spectral lines are analyzed. Firstly, the contour of the sample and the region of the diseased tissue are described by the data imaging of the THz time-domain signal through the sample, and then the frequency-domain signal is obtained by Fourier transform. The absorption curves of THz at several measuring points of samples were further calculated. By observing these curves, the absorption peaks of the samples at 1.35 THZ 1.65 THz and 2.2 THz were obtained. The data of the three sensitive absorption peaks were used to image the samples respectively. The results showed that the canceration components in skin tissues at 1.35 THz and 1.65 THz absorbed THz obviously, and the areas with strong absorption in imaging results were close to those diagnosed by pathology. The results show that the frequency band of THz in skin tissue diagnosis should be controlled in the low frequency range below 2.2 THz. A comparative study of the terahertz spectra of normal skin and cancerous tissues shows that the THz spectra of normal skin and cancerous tissues show a great difference, and some scholars have analyzed that the absorption of THz by water is relatively strong. The cancerous tissue is more abundant in nutrition and higher in water content than healthy tissue. In this paper, the difference should also come from the comprehensive influence of the change of components in cancerous tissue. The study shows that THz-TDS technique is feasible in biomedical diagnosis.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R739.5;R319

【引证文献】