177例药疹的临床分析

发布时间：2018-04-13 23:41

本文选题：药疹 + 致敏药物　；参考：《新疆医科大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 目的:探讨药疹的致病药物、临床特征及治疗相关因素。方法:回顾性分析177例药疹患者临床资料,按型别、致敏药物分类,比较重症与非重症药疹患者及不同类型重症药疹的年龄、性别、过敏史、潜伏期、发热、粘膜损害、实验室检查、激素用量、住院天数、预后等有无差别。结果:重症与非重症药疹患者相比在性别、年龄、过敏史、血常规方面的改变无显著差异,在发热、潜伏期、粘膜损害、住院天数、肝肾功能损害、激素治疗剂量、预后方面等有显著差异性;重症类型药疹之间相比在性别、年龄、发热、潜伏期、血常规的改变、肾功能损害、激素治疗剂量、预后方面均无显著性差异,在发热、粘膜损害、肝功能损害及住院天数方面有统计学意义。重症和非重症药疹病例中最常见的致敏药物均是抗生素类、中药及解热镇痛药;重症最常见的药疹类型是重症多型红斑型、剥脱性皮炎型,引起以上两种药疹最常见的药物是抗生素、解热镇痛药等,轻症以麻疹型或猩红热型药疹、多形红斑型药疹、荨麻疹型药疹多见,引起以上三种药疹最常见的药物是抗生素、中药等。结论:抗生素、中药及解热镇痛药是引起药疹的常见致敏药物,本文中中药引起的药疹例数多;重症药疹由抗癫痫药、抗痛风药引起的越来越多,以重症多型红斑型药疹为主;非重症中以麻疹型药疹为主,预后良好;重症药疹的系统性损害主要以肝脏、造血系统、肾脏为主,重要的是早期足量短程皮质类固醇治疗以减少死亡率。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the pathogenic drugs, clinical characteristics and treatment factors of drug eruption.Methods: the clinical data of 177 patients with drug eruption were retrospectively analyzed. The age, sex, allergic history, incubation period, fever and mucosal damage were compared between severe and non-severe drug rash patients and different types of severe drug rash patients.Laboratory examination, hormone dosage, length of stay, prognosis, etc.Results: there were no significant differences in sex, age, allergic history and blood routine between patients with severe and non-severe drug rash. The changes of fever, incubation period, mucosal damage, hospitalization days, liver and kidney function damage, dose of hormone treatment were not significant.There was no significant difference in sex, age, fever, incubation period, blood routine changes, renal function damage, dose of hormone therapy, prognosis between patients with severe drug rash, but there was no significant difference in fever and mucosal damage between patients with severe type of drug rash.Liver function damage and hospital stay were statistically significant.The most common drug sensitizers in severe and non-severe drug rash cases are antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine and antipyretic analgesics. The most common types of drug eruption in severe cases are severe multiple erythema type, exfoliative dermatitis type.The most common drugs causing the above two drug rashes are antibiotics, antipyretic analgesics, etc. The mild symptoms are measles or scarlet fever drug rash, polymorphic erythema, urticaria drug rash, and the most common drugs that cause the above three drug rashes are antibiotics.Traditional Chinese medicine, etc.Conclusion: antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine and antipyretic analgesics are common sensitizers for drug rash. In this paper, there are many cases of drug eruption caused by traditional Chinese medicine, more and more severe drug eruption caused by antiepileptic drugs and anti-gout drugs, mainly severe multiple erythematous drug rash.In non-severe cases, measles drug eruption was the main drug rash with good prognosis, and the systemic damage of severe drug eruption was mainly liver, hematopoietic system, kidney, and it was important to reduce mortality by early sufficient short-term corticosteroid therapy.
【学位授予单位】：新疆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R758.25

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