强脉冲光治疗鲜红斑痣的能量分布模拟

发布时间：2018-06-05 18:53

本文选题：强脉冲光 + 鲜红斑痣　；参考：《大连理工大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 鲜红斑痣是一种先天性起源于皮肤血管的良性肿瘤,病理表现为真皮层中的毛细血管扩张。它好发于面、颈部,表现为大小不一的淡红、暗红或紫红色的斑片,给患者外观和心理造成极大不良影响。激光是目前治疗鲜红斑痣的主要手段,先后有许多不同的激光系统被用于临床治疗中。不过在激光治疗中也有许多问题出现,比如治疗不彻底,还有副作用的产生等,所以现在对激光治疗的临床和理论研究都还在不断研究中。近来强脉冲光系统被运用到临床治疗中,本工作的主要内容就是从理论模拟方面探讨强光脉冲光治疗鲜红斑痣的过程,希望能给临床应用提供理论参考。本论文首先对光与生物组织的相互作用原理做了简要介绍,并对其中选择性光热作用做了重点介绍。选择性光热作用是利用光治疗鲜红斑痣的基本原理,皮肤中畸变血管里的血红蛋白等大分子物质吸收光子能量然后转化为热能,使血管升温致凝结从而堵死血液流通达到治疗目的。本文的工作就是利用选择性光热作用,以皮肤中血管为主要研究对象,在前人的研究基础上建立包含多层分立血管的皮肤模型。并运用蒙特卡罗的计算方法模拟光子在皮肤模型中的传输情况,最后记录下血管中的能量分布。然后通过改变参数研究不同组织形态下的血管能量分布,以此来探讨影响治疗效果的因素。模拟结果表明,在光源辐照下血管中能量分布沿光子传输方向呈递减的趋势；血管靠近光源的一侧能量值明显比远离光源的一侧要高；同深度下血管中心位置处的能量值要比两侧低。对比强脉冲光和577nm与595nm的激光,上述分布特征在短波577nm激光下表现犹为明显；而在强脉冲光和595nm的激光下,血管能量分布比较均匀。并且强脉冲光与595nm激光的光子在组织中能达到更大的深度。通过模拟不同皮肤形态学参数下的血管能量分布可以得出：血管的直径大小和深度对最终能量分布有很大影响。相同条件下,小血管内的能量分布更加均匀,在血管中高能量覆盖范围更广,而能量峰值却比大血管的能量峰值小。在不同深度的血管中,深层血管的能量要比浅层血管的能量小得多,特别是在浅层有血管的情况下,深层只有浅层能量的12%左右。模拟结果还表明,表皮中黑色素的含量对进入真皮中的能量有很大影响。
[Abstract]:Nevus Flavor is a benign tumor that originates from cutaneous vessels and is characterized by capillary dilatation in the dermis. It tends to appear on the face and neck, and is characterized by light red, dark red or purplish red patches of varying sizes, which have great adverse effects on the appearance and psychology of patients. Laser is the main method to treat nevus Flavus, and many different laser systems have been used in clinical treatment. However, there are many problems in laser therapy, such as incomplete treatment, side effects and so on. Recently, intense pulse light system has been used in clinical treatment. The main content of this work is to explore the process of strong light pulse light therapy for nevus Flavus from the aspect of theoretical simulation, hoping to provide a theoretical reference for clinical application. In this paper, the principle of the interaction between light and biological tissue is briefly introduced, and the selective photothermal interaction is emphasized. Selective photothermal action is based on the basic principle of phototherapy of nevus, in which macromolecular substances, such as hemoglobin in the distorted blood vessels, absorb photon energy and convert it into heat energy. Make the blood vessels warm and clot, thus blocking the circulation of blood to achieve the purpose of treatment. In this paper, the selective photothermal effect is used to establish a skin model with multilayer discrete vessels based on the skin vessels as the main research object. Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the photon transport in the skin model. Finally, the energy distribution in the blood vessel is recorded. Then, by changing the parameters to study the distribution of blood vessel energy in different tissue morphology, the factors affecting the therapeutic effect were discussed. The simulation results show that the energy distribution in the blood vessel decreases along the direction of photon transmission under the irradiation of the light source, and the energy value of the side near the light source is obviously higher than that of the side far away from the light source. The energy value at the center of the vessel at the same depth is lower than that at both sides. Compared with the intense pulse light and the laser of 577nm and 595nm, the distribution of the blood vessel energy is more uniform under the condition of the short wave 577nm laser and the strong pulse light and the 595nm laser. And the photons of strong pulse light and 595nm laser can reach greater depth in the tissue. By simulating the energy distribution of blood vessels under different skin morphological parameters, it can be concluded that the diameter and depth of blood vessels have great influence on the final energy distribution. Under the same conditions, the energy distribution in the small vessels is more uniform, and the high energy coverage in the blood vessels is wider, but the energy peak is smaller than that in the large vessels. The energy of deep blood vessels is much smaller than that of superficial blood vessels at different depths, especially when there are blood vessels in the superficial layer, there is only about 12% of the energy in the deep layer. The results also show that the content of melanin in the epidermis has a great influence on the energy entering the dermis.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R758.5

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