兔梭形动脉瘤模型初步研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 12:11

【摘要】：目的：利用猪胰弹力蛋白酶局部消化诱导法制作类似人颅内动脉瘤特点的兔颈总动脉梭形动脉瘤模型。观察该梭形动脉瘤模型的形态学改变和早期病理学变化，探讨梭形动脉瘤的形成机制，为梭形动脉瘤的治疗寻找新的切入点。方法：应用简单手术方法结合猪胰弹性蛋白酶消化兔右侧局部颈总动脉制作梭形动脉瘤模型，7d、14d、21d分别行DSA检测、HE染色、弹力纤维染色等研究观察该梭形动脉瘤模型的影像学和组织学变化。结果：①DSA造影显示正常对照组血管直径（1.64±0.17mm）；生理盐水对照组血管直径（1.66±0.24mm）；7d动脉瘤的长径（19.33±1.65mm），，宽径（2.86±0.21mm）；14d动脉瘤长径（19.66±1.18mm），宽径（3.95±0.54mm）；21d动脉瘤长径（19.84±0.82mm），宽径（4.03±0.95mm）。②HE染色观察发现7d的梭形动脉瘤血管壁失去正常血管结构，外表面凹凸不平，由少细胞成分的外膜结缔组织构成，中膜平滑肌结构絮乱，细胞形态扭曲；14d梭形动脉瘤瘤壁轻度增生，内膜较平滑，瘤体部较薄，由少细胞成分的外膜构成，内膜沿瘤颈交界处轻度增生，主要为胶原成分，无内皮样结构；21d梭形动脉瘤瘤壁增生明显，内膜较光滑完整，瘤体部内膜增生明显并趋于稳定，组织较疏松，含较多平滑肌细胞及胶原成分。③弹力纤维染色显示7d的梭形动脉瘤模型弹力层明显变薄，瘤壁残存部分断裂的弹力纤维；14d梭形动脉瘤模型正常血管与动脉瘤交界处弹力层逐渐变薄；21d从梭形动脉瘤模型正常血管与动脉瘤从交界处始弹力层基本稳定。结论：利用简单外科手术方法结合猪胰弹性蛋白酶消化局部血管壁，可以建立形态学与人颅内动脉瘤相似的梭形动脉瘤模型，且动脉瘤模型与人颅内动脉瘤组织学上相似。
[Abstract]:Aim: to establish a rabbit common carotid artery fusiform aneurysm model similar to human intracranial aneurysm by local digestion of porcine pancreatic elastase. The morphological changes and early pathological changes of the fusiform aneurysm model were observed and the formation mechanism of fusiform aneurysm was discussed in order to find a new entry point for the treatment of fusiform aneurysm. Methods: the model of fusiform aneurysm was made by simple operation combined with porcine pancreatic elastase digestion of the right common carotid artery. DSA and HE staining were performed on the 14th day and 21st day after 7 days. The imaging and histological changes of the fusiform aneurysm model were observed by elastic fiber staining. Results: the diameter of 1DSA was (1.64 卤0.17mm) in normal control group, (1.66 卤0.24mm) in saline group, (19.33 卤1.65mm) and (2.86 卤0.21mm) in 7-day aneurysm, (19.66 卤1.18mm) and (3.95 卤0.54mm) in 14d aneurysm. The long diameter of the aneurysm (19.84 卤0.82mm) and the wide diameter (4.03 卤0.95mm) were observed on the 21st day. 2HE staining showed that the wall of the fusiform aneurysm lost its normal vascular structure at 7 days, the outer surface was rugged and composed of connective tissue of the outer membrane with few cell components, and the structure of the medial smooth muscle was disorderly. On the 14th day, the wall of the fusiform aneurysm was slightly proliferated, the intima was smooth, the tumor was thin and composed of the outer membrane with less cell components, and the intima proliferated slightly along the junction of the neck of the tumor, mainly composed of collagen with no endothelium-like structure. At 21 days, the wall of the spindle aneurysm was obviously proliferated, the intima was smooth and intact, the intimal hyperplasia of the tumor was obvious and tended to be stable, and the tissue was looser. There were more smooth muscle cells and collagen components. 3 Elastic fiber staining showed that the elastic layer of fusiform aneurysm model became thinner obviously after 7 days, and some broken elastic fibers remained in the wall of the aneurysm. The elastic layer at the junction between the normal vessel and the aneurysm gradually thinned on the 14th day, and the elastic layer at the junction between the normal vessel and the aneurysm on the 21st day after the spindle aneurysm model became stable. Conclusion: a fusiform aneurysm model similar to that of human intracranial aneurysm can be established by using simple surgical method combined with porcine pancreatic elastase to digest the local vascular wall, and the aneurysm model is histologically similar to that of human intracranial aneurysm.
【学位授予单位】：皖南医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R743

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