骨重建机理的实验观测及仿生拓扑优化中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 00:40

本文关键词： 骨缺损自修复骨质层兔子仿生拓扑优化　出处：《新疆大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：骨作为整个肉体的支承部件，在生命周期内起重要的传递力臂使身体运动或搬运作用。骨是通过原有的基因关系而成形，在内外生物力学环境下通过骨重建即造骨、吸骨、再成形的方式来优化自身的拓扑结构，从而创造出各种骨骼体系动态稳定的结构和拓扑形状。因此，对骨生成、成长和成形过程中的骨质、骨形变化规律及机理研究，不仅对现代生物力学、医学临床研究提供必要的科学依据，而在仿生拓扑优化方法的研发及在实际工程应用方面提供可靠的支撑参数。本文主要从实验研究出发，详细介绍了骨重建机理的骨缺损自修复实验过程、实验观测结果、并相关分析结果。实验研究结果表明： 1).青年兔骨缺损自修复比成年兔的快得多，并且骨缺损自修复过程中孔内填充的骨质层出现强烈的不稳定性。这种不稳定性来自破骨细胞和造骨细胞的不平衡和强烈变化，造成骨形成和再吸收行为。 2).无论是成年兔还是青年兔在骨缺损自修复过程中软质骨和硬质骨之间都存在着体积交叉变化的现象。这种交叉变化特性提示如下两点：一是骨细胞之间的某种反应扩散现象，即在骨缺损自修复过程中的骨形成与骨吸收之间的动态平衡现象；二是骨硬化现象，即软质骨被硬化导致体积降低，从而硬质骨体积增加。本文还对骨重建反映扩散数学模型进行了研究，，建立了用反映扩散方程的骨重建模型与有限元法耦合的仿生拓扑优化分析方法，实现了考虑造骨和破骨机理的长方口骨缺损模型的数值模拟及拓扑优化过程，验证了iBone3D方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Bone, as the supporting part of the whole body, plays an important role in the life cycle to transfer the force arm to make the body move or carry. The bone is formed through the original genetic relationship, and the bone is created and sucked through the bone reconstruction in the internal and external biomechanical environment. In order to create dynamic and stable structures and topological shapes of various bone systems, we study the regularity and mechanism of bone formation, bone shape change and bone formation in the process of bone formation, growth and formation. It not only provides the necessary scientific basis for modern biomechanics and medical clinical research, but also provides reliable supporting parameters in the research and development of bionic topology optimization methods and in practical engineering applications. Starting from the experimental research, this paper introduces in detail the self-repair process of bone defect, the experimental results, and the correlation analysis results. The experimental results show that:. 1. Bone defect self-repair in young rabbits is much faster than that in adult rabbits, and there is a strong instability in the bone layer filled in the hole during the self-repair of the bone defect. This instability arises from the imbalance and intense changes in the osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Causes bone formation and reabsorption. (2) there is a phenomenon of volume crossing between soft bone and hard bone in both adult and young rabbits during the process of self-repair of bone defect. The characteristics of this cross change indicate the following two points: one is a reaction and diffusion phenomenon between bone cells. That is, the dynamic balance between bone formation and bone resorption in the process of self-repair of bone defect, and the phenomenon of bone sclerosis, that is, the soft bone sclerosis leads to the reduction of volume, which increases the volume of hard bone. In this paper, the mathematical model of reflection diffusion of bone reconstruction is also studied, and a bionic topology optimization method is established by coupling the bone reconstruction model with finite element method, which reflects the diffusion equation. The numerical simulation and topology optimization process of the long square bone defect model considering the mechanism of osteogenesis and osteoclast are realized, and the validity of iBone3D method is verified.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TB17;R318.01

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