中间固定支撑式压电骨传导听觉装置关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 04:35

本文关键词： 中间固定支撑压电振子振型位移骨传导听觉装置　出处：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：基于压电振子的逆压电效应和骨传导传声原理，以压电振子为听觉装置声发生元件，本文研制了一种可应用于外部佩戴的压电振子中间固定支撑式骨传导听觉装置，并对其关键技术进行了研究。具体研究内容如下： 1.骨传导听觉装置发展背景及其国内外发展现状骨传导听觉装置工作时通过振子振动颅骨直接将声波传递至内耳使人感知音讯信号。它不仅适用于具有化脓性中耳炎、外耳道狭窄等疾病的听障人士；也适用于正常人，解放其双耳、保护其听力；更适用于在高噪音环境工作的人士。国内外的现状表明：电磁式骨传导听觉装置是目前市场的主流，但压电式骨传导听觉装置以其功耗低、无电磁辐射、结构紧凑、质量小等优点成为目前研究的热点，目前以植入式为主，可用于外部佩戴的骨传导听觉装置仍处于起步阶段。 2.压电式骨传导听觉装置的相关基础理论对声音的物理性质、人耳的基本构造、人耳感知声音的方式、人耳的听阈等听力学知识以及压电陶瓷的性能参数，压电振子的等效电路、谐振特性、迟滞特性、幅频特性等压电学知识进行了分析，为研究压电式骨传导听觉装置奠定理论基础。 3.中间固定支撑式不同形状压电振子的有限元仿真分析对圆形压电振子中间点支撑方式，，方形、椭圆形、矩形压电振子中间点支撑和线支撑方式分别做静力学、模态及谐波响应特性的仿真分析。分析不同形状压电振子中间点支撑和线支撑方式下的最大静力学变形量及振型，确定中间线支撑方式下的矩形压电振子与中间线支撑方式下的方形压电振子作为试验研究的对象。 4.中间线支撑式矩形压电振子与方形压电振子关键性能的试验研究对中间线支撑方式下的方形和矩形压电振子的径向变形特性、幅频特性进行测试，将试验结果与仿真结果进行对比，验证仿真结果的正确性。对两种压电振子的波形响应特性、滞后特性进行测试，分析两种压电振子的试验结果，验证中间线支撑方式下的矩形与方形压电振子作为骨传导听觉装置用声发生元件的可行性。测试中间线支撑方式下的方形和矩形压电振子的支撑柱尺寸参数的变化对压电振子位移、响度的影响。 5.听觉装置的结构设计及相关性能的测试研究对电声学分频工作原理进行研究。通过仿真的方式确定中间固定支撑式双压电振子骨传导听觉装置用高、低频压电振子及其支撑柱的尺寸、听觉装置的分频点。对听觉装置的整体结构、上盖、下盖等进行设计并制作了样机。对听觉装置的电压位移特性、电压响度特性、阶跃响应特性等进行测试以研究听觉装置的动态响应性能。对听觉装置在不同频率激励信号激励下的产生的声压值进行测试，对测试结果进行分析，激励信号在中、低频范围时，高频压电振子与低频压电振子的声压值响应性能相差不大，低频压电振子的性能略好于高频压电振子；激励信号在高频范围时，高频压电振子的声压值响应性能要明显优于低频压电振子。
[Abstract]:The inverse piezoelectric effect and bone conduction transmission principle of piezoelectric vibrator based on piezoelectric vibrator for hearing device sound generating element, this paper developed a can be applied to external wear piezoelectric vibrator intermediate fixed support type bone conduction hearing device, and the key technologies are studied. The specific research contents the following:
The development background of 1. bone conduction auditory device and its development status at home and abroad
Bone conduction hearing device work through the vibrator directly to the skull to the inner ear to sound perception. It is not only suitable for the audio signal with suppurative otitis media, hearing impaired external auditory canal stenosis and other diseases; also suitable for normal people, the liberation of the ears, protect their hearing; more suitable for people working in high noise the environment. That situation at home and abroad: electromagnetic bone conduction hearing device is the mainstream market, but the piezoelectric bone conduction hearing device with its low power consumption, no electromagnetic radiation, has the advantages of compact structure, small quality has become a research hotspot at present, can be used for implantable, bone conduction hearing device external wear is still in its infancy.
The basic theory of 2. piezoelectric bone conduction auditory device
The physical properties of sound, the basic structure of the human ear, ear perception sound, ear hearing and audiology knowledge and piezoelectric ceramic performance parameters, the equivalent circuit of the piezoelectric vibrator resonant characteristics, hysteresis characteristics, amplitude frequency characteristics of isobaric electrical knowledge is analyzed for the study of piezoelectric bone conduction hearing device and laid a theoretical basis.
Finite element simulation analysis of 3. different shape piezoelectric vibrators with intermediate fixed support
The piezodisc intermediate point support type, square, oval, rectangular piezoelectric vibrator middle point support and line support are static simulation of response characteristic of modal and harmonic analysis. The statics of different shapes of piezoelectric vibrator intermediate point support and line support under the mode of deformation and vibration sure, the object as an experimental study of square middle line support mode of the rectangular piezoelectric vibrator and the middle line support mode of the piezoelectric vibrator.
Experimental study on the key performance of rectangular piezoelectric vibrator and square piezoelectric vibrator with 4. intermediate line
The deformation characteristics of radial modes of square and rectangular piezoelectric vibrator of the middle line support, the amplitude frequency characteristic test, the test results and the simulation results were compared to verify the correctness of the simulation results. Two kinds of piezoelectric vibrator test waveform response characteristics, hysteretic characteristics, analysis of the test results of two kinds of pressure the electric vibrator, verify the feasibility of the middle line support mode of the rectangular and square piezoelectric oscillator as the bone conduction hearing device with sound generating element. Displacement test middle line support support column under the size parameters of square and rectangular piezoelectric vibrator of the piezoelectric vibrator, the influence of loudness.
The structural design of 5. auditory devices and the test and study of related performance
Research on the working principle of acoustics with high frequency. Through the way of simulation to determine the intermediate fixed support type double piezoelectric bone conduction hearing device, low frequency piezoelectric vibrator and the size of a supporting column, a hearing device frequency. The overall structure, the hearing device cover, a lower cover design and production the prototype. The voltage displacement characteristic of hearing device, voltage loudness characteristics, step response test to study the dynamic response performance of hearing device. Hearing device in different frequency excitation signal excitation produced the pressure test, the test results are analyzed, the excitation signal in low frequency range. High frequency piezoelectric oscillator with low frequency piezoelectric oscillator pressure response performance difference, low frequency properties of the piezoelectric vibrator is slightly better than high frequency piezoelectric oscillator; excitation signal in high frequency range, high frequency piezoelectric vibrator sound The performance of the pressure value response is obviously superior to the low frequency piezoelectric vibrator.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH785.1

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