基于FPGA硬件JPEG编码的体外磁控无线数字视频胶囊设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-05 00:30

本文选题：无线胶囊内窥镜　切入点：Baseline　出处：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：传统消化道疾病的侦查以插管窥镜的手段为主，在检查时不仅为病人带来痛苦并且插管窥镜欠缺对小肠的检查能力。无线胶囊内窥镜克服了这一缺点，病人在吞服胶囊内窥镜之后可以在无痛苦的生理状况下得到包括小肠在内的消化道全部图像，用以发现和分析消化道病变。自从以色列的Given Imaging公司于1991年推出首例胶囊内窥镜产品以来，胶囊内窥镜在工程实现中仍存在诸多不足，不能很好地满足临床诊疗需求。这些不足包括对主动位置姿态控制的缺乏、病灶区域漏检、数字图像质量差、体内精确定位难度高和连续工作时间过短等。本文依托于体外磁控诊疗胶囊国家自然科学基金项目（编号31271069）。使用体外永磁体与体内胶囊内置永磁体的作用力主动控制胶囊的位置和姿态，以解决位置姿态控制缺乏和病灶区域漏检的问题。通过本课题的研究，提出将胶囊内窥镜当做进入消化道的可控移动平台，将治疗工具集成于胶囊内窥镜，，并借助于胶囊视频图像导航，研制新型的可视化、无创诊断和治疗平台。本文设计集中于上述系统的数字图像压缩和处理模块，重点在于Baseline JPEG压缩器的设计、仿真和硬件验证。本文详细阐述了Baseline JPEG算法原理，描述了包括色彩空间变换器、下采样器、二维离散余弦变换器、量化器、游程编码器、变长编码器、霍夫曼编码器在内的Baseline JPEG压缩器的设计原理和设计细节，描述了基于Xilinx FPGA的硬件算法验证平台和基于STM32的无线数据接收器设计。本文对Baseline JPEG压缩器进行了软件仿真和硬件验证，并对大量结果进行了统计。实验和统计结果表明，所设计的压缩器可以正常工作在30:1的图像压缩比附近，并保证压缩比例不高于40:1时的PSNR大于25dB，符合无线信道的数据通信质量。对于尺寸的图片，可以在2Mbps无线信道中满足30fps的图像帧率。本文主要设计实现了诊疗胶囊的数字图像压缩和传输子系统，完成了技术路线中模块功能验证和试验验证环节，并为将来的整体功能验证和联合调试测试奠定基础。
[Abstract]:The traditional detection of digestive tract diseases is mainly by intubation endoscopy, which not only brings pain to patients but also lacks the ability to examine the small intestine. Wireless capsule endoscope overcomes this shortcoming. After ingesting the capsule endoscope, the patient can obtain all the images of the digestive tract, including the small intestine, in a painless physiological condition. Ever since Israel's Given Imaging Company introduced the first capsule endoscope in 1991, there are still many deficiencies in the engineering implementation of the capsule endoscope. These shortcomings include lack of active position attitude control, missing focus area, poor quality of digital image, high difficulty of accurate positioning in vivo and short continuous working time, etc. This paper is based on the project of the National Natural Science Foundation of in vitro Magnetic Control capsule (No. 31271069). The position and attitude of the capsule are controlled by the force of the in vitro permanent magnet and the inner permanent magnet of the capsule. In order to solve the problems of lack of position and attitude control and missed detection of the focus area, the paper proposes that capsule endoscopy be regarded as a controllable moving platform to enter the digestive tract, and the therapeutic tools are integrated into the capsule endoscope. With the help of capsule video image navigation, a new visual, noninvasive diagnosis and treatment platform is developed. The design of digital image compression and processing module focused on the above system is focused on the design of Baseline JPEG compressor. Simulation and hardware verification. The principle of Baseline JPEG algorithm is described in detail, including color space converter, lower sampler, two-dimensional discrete cosine converter, quantizer, run-length encoder, variable length encoder, etc. The design principle and design details of Baseline JPEG compressor, including Hoffman encoder, are described. The hardware algorithm verification platform based on Xilinx FPGA and the wireless data receiver based on STM32 are described. The software simulation and hardware verification of Baseline JPEG compressor are carried out in this paper. The experimental and statistical results show that the designed compressor can work in the vicinity of the image compression ratio of 30: 1. And ensure that when the compression ratio is not higher than 40: 1, the PSNR is more than 25 dB, which conforms to the data communication quality of wireless channel. The image frame rate of 30fps can be satisfied in 2Mbps wireless channel. In this paper, the digital image compression and transmission subsystem of diagnosis and treatment capsule is designed and realized. And lay the foundation for the whole function verification and joint debugging test in the future.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP391.41;R197.39

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