疲劳与亚体感噪音对膝关节生物力学特性的影响

发布时间：2018-03-15 07:20

本文选题：前十字韧带损伤　切入点：疲劳　出处：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：前十字韧带是膝关节四大主要韧带之一,是稳固膝关节的一个主要结构。前十字韧带损伤是体育运动中最常见的韧带损伤之一,经常发生在变向、急停、旋转和跳下等运动中。疲劳被认为是前十字韧带损伤的一个非常重要的神经肌肉因素,相关的统计研究显示疲劳状态下运动员的前十字韧带损伤风险明显高于非疲劳情况下的。亚体感噪音在姿态平衡控制和触觉感知领域的研究成果表明亚体感噪音能增强体感反馈,感知更微弱的信号;然而,对于亚体感噪音能否能降低前十字韧带损伤风险的相关研究还是一片空白。因此,本研究有两个主要目的:一是从膝关节生物力学的角度揭示疲劳对前十字韧带损伤风险的影响机理;二是创新的研究亚体感噪音对预防前十字韧带损伤的潜在作用。32名男性受试者参与本实验,16名受试者在疲劳以及有亚体感噪音干预和无亚体感噪音干预作用下完成跳下和突然变向实验任务,另外16名受试者在非疲劳以及有亚体感噪音干预和无亚体感噪音干预作用下完成跳下和突然变向实验任务。本实验的亚体感噪音由微型马达振动产生。采用VICON运动捕捉系统和Bertec测力台收集受试者在实验过程中的运动学和动力学数据,对实验数据进行分析,综合疲劳和亚体感噪音得到以下结论:(1)受试者在疲劳条件下执行跳下实验任务过程的膝屈曲角增大。受试者通过增大落地时的膝屈曲角来减小地面冲击,试图降低前十字韧带损伤的风险。(2)受试者在疲劳条件下执行跳下实验任务时的膝旋转角和旋转力矩明显增大。膝旋转角和旋转力矩增大直接增加了前十字韧带的负荷。受试者在疲劳条件下的膝旋转角和旋转力矩增大可能是由于疲劳使得肌肉骨骼系统产生的肌肉力减小导致动作产生变形引起的。另外,受试者在疲劳条件下,身体的运动控制能力减弱,身体的协调性变差也可能导致膝旋转角和旋转力矩增大。(3)在亚体感噪音干预作用下,受试者在疲劳条件下落地初始和双腿支撑的膝垂直方向力明显大于非疲劳条件下的;而在没有亚体感噪音干预作用下,受试者在疲劳条件下落地初始和双腿支撑的膝垂直方向力明显小于非疲劳条件下的。亚体感噪音干预和疲劳存在交互效应,可能改变了疲劳状态下膝关节附近的肌肉活动。(4)本实验用亚体感噪音预防前十字韧带损伤,除受试者在非疲劳条件下落地初始的膝屈曲角和双腿支撑的膝屈曲角峰值有显著地改善外,其余的生物力学参数都没有明显的改善。亚体感噪音可能并不适合应用于预防前十字韧带损伤,因为前十字韧带损伤经常出现在高难度且高强度的运动上,而亚体感噪音增强体感反馈的能力可能有限,并不能显著地改变执行高难度且高强度运动时的膝关节生物力学特性。
[Abstract]:The anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint is one of the four major ligaments, is one of the main structural stability of the knee joint. ACL injury is one of the most common ligament injury in sports, often occurs in turn, stop, rotate and jumped in sports. Fatigue is considered a very important nerve muscle anterior cruciate ligament injury factors, statistical research related to the athletes' fatigue condition display ACL injury risk was significantly higher than that in non fatigue conditions. The noise in the sense of posture balancing control and tactile perception research results show that the noise sub sub body sense body can enhance the somatosensory feedback signal perception is more weak; however, for the Research of somatosensory noise can reduce the sub risk of injury of anterior cruciate ligament is still blank. Therefore, this study has two main purposes: one is from the angle of knee joint biomechanics reveal fatigue The influence mechanism of the risk of injury of anterior cruciate ligament; two is the innovation of Asia to participate in the study of somatosensory noise damage prevention of anterior cruciate ligament of the potential role of.32 in male subjects, 16 subjects in fatigue and sub body noise and non noise sub somatosensory intervention intervention completed by the jump and suddenly turned to the experimental task, the other 16 subjects in non fatigue and sub body noise and non noise sub somatosensory intervention intervention completed by the jump and suddenly turned to the experimental task. In this experiment the sub body noise generated by micro motor vibration. The kinematics and dynamics of the data with the VICON motion capture system and Bertec forcemeasurement were collected during the experiment, the experimental data were analyzed, a sense of fatigue and comprehensive noise sub body gets the following conclusions: (1) subjects performed the jump knee flexion angle in the process of experimental tasks under fatigue condition Increase. Subjects by increasing knee flexion angle when landing to reduce the ground impact, trying to reduce the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury. (2) the subjects to perform experimental tasks in jump fatigue condition of the knee rotation angle and rotation torque increases. The knee rotation angle and torque increase directly increased the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee load. The subjects in fatigue under the condition of rotation angle and rotating torque increase may be due to fatigue the musculoskeletal system to produce muscle force deformation caused by the resulting action. In addition, the subjects in the fatigue condition, weaken the body's motion control ability, poor physical coordination may also lead to increased knee rotation and rotation moment. (3) in the sub somatosensory noise intervention under the action of vertical force, knee subjects and legs in the initial landing support under fatigue condition is much higher than that of non fatigue conditions; and In the absence of sub somatosensory noise intervention under the action of vertical force, knee subjects and legs in the initial landing support under fatigue condition was significantly lower than that in non fatigue conditions. There is an interaction effect of sub somatosensory noise interference and fatigue, may change the muscle activity around knee joint under fatigue condition. (4) the the sub somatosensory noise prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injury, in addition to the subjects in the initial landing non fatigue under the condition of knee flexion angle of knee flexion angle and double support peak significantly improved, biomechanical parameters of the rest are not significantly improved. The noise may not be suitable for sub body used in anterior cruciate injury prevention because the ligament, anterior cruciate ligament injury often occurs in high difficulty and high intensity, and enhance the ability of noise sub somatosensory somatosensory feedback may be limited, did not significantly change the implementation of high difficulty and high intensity movement The biomechanical properties of the knee joint.

【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R318.01

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