冷热交替治疗控制算法研究及软件设计

发布时间：2018-03-21 12:19

  本文选题：冷热交替　切入点：模糊控制器　出处：《上海交通大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：肿瘤的热物理疗法在肿瘤治疗中已经有了相当长的历史。然而,过去三十年中的许多研究表明:相对于单独的冷疗或者热疗,冷热交替疗法能够显著提高对肿瘤组织的杀伤效果。此外,冷热交替治疗还具有其他优点,如:高温的治疗探针能够有效的抑制冷疗创口的失血;冷热交替治疗可以有效地减少热疗时被血液带走的热量;低温气体也可以防止热疗时针尖过热;同时,冷热交替疗法能够激发抗肿瘤免疫响应,从而抑制肿瘤转移和复发。 本实验室自主研发了一种新型冷热交替治疗仪,采用液氮制冷和射频加热,可单独进行液氮冷冻的低温手术和射频热疗,也可将两者有机的结合,根据需要灵活使用。但是由于冷、热疗的集成,提高了仪器控制方面的困难程度,且没有成熟的理论及经验可以供参考,系统在控制方面还不完善,不能完全满足临床应用的要求,故只有设计出一套安全可靠的控制算法,才能使冷热疗技术真正造福于肿瘤患者。 本研究基于此治疗仪,为液氮冷疗和射频热疗设计了模糊控制器和模糊逻辑PID控制器,使直径在10mm到30mm之间的靶组织的边缘温度可以在3分钟内到达目标温度,并且冷、热疗温度的稳态误差分别达到了2℃和1℃以内,实现了温度的快速响应和精确控制。同时,创新性地将气液两相氮用于射频热疗时的探针冷却,提高了射频热疗的稳定性,增大了消融范围。最后,所设计的控制方法的控制效果在离体猪肝实验、兔子和老鼠的在体肿瘤实验中得到了验证。
[Abstract]:Tumor thermophysiotherapy has a long history in tumor therapy. However, many studies over the past three decades have shown that, compared to cold or hyperthermia alone, Alternative therapy of cold and heat can significantly improve the killing effect on tumor tissue. In addition, the alternative therapy of cold and heat has other advantages, such as: the hyperthermia probe can effectively inhibit the blood loss in the wound of cold therapy; Alternative therapy of cold and heat can effectively reduce the heat taken away by the blood during hyperthermia; low temperature gas can also prevent the tip from overheating during hyperthermia; at the same time, alternative therapy of cold and heat can stimulate the anti-tumor immune response and thus inhibit tumor metastasis and recurrence. Our laboratory has developed a new type of alternately cold and hot therapeutic instrument, which can be used to refrigerate liquid nitrogen and radiofrequency heating, to perform cryogenic surgery and radiofrequency hyperthermia alone, or to combine them organically. According to the need for flexible use. But because of the integration of cold and hyperthermia, the difficulty of instrument control is increased, and there is no mature theory and experience for reference, the system is not perfect in control, Only by designing a set of safe and reliable control algorithm can the cold and hyperthermia technology benefit tumor patients. Based on this therapeutic instrument, a fuzzy controller and a fuzzy logic PID controller are designed for liquid nitrogen cooling therapy and radiofrequency hyperthermia. The temperature of the edge of the target tissue between 10 mm and 30 mm in diameter can reach the target temperature and be cold in 3 minutes. The steady-state error of the hyperthermia temperature is within 2 鈩，

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