PET定量分析方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 17:21

本文选题：正电子发射断层成像　切入点：葡萄糖代谢率　出处：《郑州大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：为了研究葡萄糖在人脑中的代谢过程,通常使用放射性药物18F-FDG(氟代脱氧葡萄糖)作为示踪剂,并采用正电子发射断层成像技术对人脑进行动态扫描。葡萄糖在人脑中的代谢过程可以用三室模型来建模,利用FDG-PET成像数据可以求解出模型的参数,进而可以计算出大脑各个区域的葡萄糖代谢率。本文主要研究了利用FDG-PET数据求解三室模型的问题,并提出了两种易于在临床上应用的FDG-PET定量计算方法。包括以下内容：第一,三室模型的定量分析方法及其影响因素研究。目前常用的三室模型的定量分析方法有NLS方法、LLS方法、GLLS方法和Patlak图形法等。本文使用模拟数据系统地评估了这几种传统的算法,分析了每种方法的优点和存在的问题。然后,讨论了与三室模型相关的各种理论问题,包括参数的唯一性,扩展区域的参数,平衡态,PET空间分辨率的影响,延迟扫描方案和使用参考区域代替输入函数等,并使用模拟数据对其中的几个问题作了评估。第二,获取输入函数的新方法研究。三室模型的定量计算需要使用模型的输入函数和输出函数。模型的输出函数是组织的放射性时间活度曲线,可以通过动态PET扫描来获得；模型的输入函数是血浆的放射性时间活度曲线,在传统的方法中,血浆时间活度曲线是由多次动脉抽血的方法得到的。在临床应用中,动脉抽血存在风险且操作繁复,这是定量分析的方法应用于临床的最大障碍。在本文中,我们在前人工作的基础上提出了两种从图像获取输入函数的方法,程序的人工干预成分被减少到最小,从而加快了数据处理的效率,校正需要使用的血样仅分别为两个和一个,大大提高了定量分析方法应用于临床的可能性。根据这些方法的特点,在PET设备的性能进一步提高之后,不抽血的方法是完全可能的。
[Abstract]:In order to study the metabolic process of glucose in human brain, the radioactive drug 18F-FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) is usually used as tracer, and positron emission tomography (PET) is used to scan human brain dynamically.The process of glucose metabolism in human brain can be modeled by a three-compartment model. The parameters of the model can be solved by using FDG-PET imaging data, and the glucose metabolic rate of various regions of the brain can be calculated.In this paper, the problem of using FDG-PET data to solve the three-compartment model is studied, and two kinds of FDG-PET quantitative calculation methods which are easy to be applied in clinic are put forward.Including the following:First, the quantitative analysis method of three-compartment model and its influencing factors.At present, the commonly used quantitative analysis methods of three-compartment model include NLS method, GLLS method, Patlak graph method and so on.In this paper, several traditional algorithms are systematically evaluated using simulated data, and the advantages and problems of each method are analyzed.Then, various theoretical problems related to the three-compartment model are discussed, including the uniqueness of the parameters, the parameters of the extended region, the influence of the spatial resolution of the equilibrium PET, the delayed scanning scheme and the substitution of the reference region for the input function, etc.Several of these problems are evaluated using simulated data.Secondly, the new method of obtaining input function is studied.The quantitative calculation of the three-compartment model requires the use of the input function and the output function of the model.The output function of the model is the time-activity curve of tissue radioactivity, which can be obtained by dynamic PET scanning, and the input function of the model is the radiation-time activity curve of plasma, in the traditional method,The plasma temporal activity curve is derived from multiple arterial blood samples.In clinical application, arterial blood extraction is risky and complicated, which is the biggest obstacle of quantitative analysis in clinical application.In this paper, on the basis of previous work, we propose two methods for obtaining input functions from images. The manual intervention components of the program are reduced to the minimum, thus speeding up the efficiency of data processing.Only two and one blood samples need to be used for correction, which greatly improves the possibility of clinical application of quantitative analysis.According to the characteristics of these methods, after the performance of PET equipment is further improved, it is completely possible not to draw blood.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R310

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