基于外光刺激的脑电压变化研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 19:43

本文选题：脑电压　切入点：EEG技术　出处：《广西大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：大脑是支配人的意识、思维、情感、运动和接受各种感觉的器官,其生理功能是通过生物电的活动来实现的。脑电压是大脑神经细胞电活动的重要表征。脑电图EEG(Electroencephalogram)技术可以检测到在没有特定外界刺激或对感觉器官施加光、声、电以及触压等不同刺激后所引起的脑电位变化,它很好地反映了大脑的电活动特性。癫痫病是严重威胁人类健康的疾病之一,该病发作的主要原因之一是强光刺激。忽然的闪光、眩目刺眼的光波都有可能导致癫痫病发作,使患者大脑神经功能紊乱,脑电压急剧变化以致产生尖锐棘波。目前还没有一个有效治愈癫痫的方法,主要原因是对其发病机理尚不明确。所以了解和掌握外光刺激下人脑电压的变化规律是非常重要的,它对人们更好地研究癫痫发病机理、预测和提高临床治疗效果具有重要的指导意义。本文主要研究不同频率、不同强度的外光刺激对人脑头皮电压变化的影响,掌握人脑电压在不同频率和强度外光刺激下的变化特性,并从理论上进行机理探讨。具体研究工作如下： 1.基于电磁场和神经元电流偶极子等效理论,理论上计算和分析了外电流刺激和人脑头皮电压之间的变化关系。研究结果表明：在不同外电流刺激下,脑电压变化大小与刺激电流频率成反比,与刺激电流强度成正比。该结果为在不同频率和强度外光刺激下人脑电压变化特性的机理研究奠定必要的理论基础。 2.基于EEG技术,研究了不同强度的光刺激人眼对大脑头皮脑电压变化的影响。结果表明：用相同频率但不同亮度的光照射人眼时,大脑头皮电压变化规律是不一样的：光亮度越强,大脑头皮电压就越大,反之就越小。该结果为人们更好地研究脑电压的光刺激幅度效应提供有意义的实验依据。 3.基于EEG技术,研究了不同频率(颜色)光刺激人眼对大脑头皮电压变化的影响。结果表明：在所研究的频率范围内,外光频率越小,大脑头皮电压变化就越大,反之越小。 4.照射到人眼的光线被感光细胞接受,在其超极化过程中,光信号被转化为电信号。基于上述外刺激电流对人脑电压的影响研究结果,对人脑头皮电压随不同强度外光刺激的变化特性进行了机理研究：外界强光刺激癫痫患者眼睛时引起大脑皮层的脑神经细胞膜通过的电流幅度大大增加,使得大脑头皮电压急剧变大。光刺激越强,引起细胞膜的穿膜电流就越强,导致的脑电压变化就越大。当光强引起的穿膜电流超过一定阈值时,将引起一系列生理或生化副效应而诱发癫痫产生。为进一步研究脑神经光刺激效应、预防和治疗癫痫等脑部疾病提供有意义的理论依据。 5.基于本文所推导的外刺激电流引起的大脑头皮电压变化计算模型,并根据不同频率外光刺激和大脑头皮电压之间的变化关系,对头皮电压随不同频率外光刺激的变化特性进行了机理探讨：当较小频率的外光刺激人眼时,产生的大脑皮层的神经元穿膜电流的频率较低,细胞的放电时程较长,同时放电的神经元数目比较多,因此测试到的头皮电压变化也较大。为进一步研究神经元光频率特性提供有意义的理论依据。
[Abstract]:The brain is the dominate people's consciousness, thinking, emotion, movement and accept all kinds of sense organ, its physiological function is realized by bioelectrical activities. Brain voltage is an important representation of the electrical activity of nerve cells in the brain. EEG EEG (Electroencephalogram) technique can be detected in no particular external stimuli or sensory organs to Shi Jiaguang sound changes of brain potentials caused by electric contact pressure and different stimulation, it is good to reflect the characteristics of the electrical activity of the brain. Epilepsy is a serious threat to human health, the attack is one of the main causes of glare. Suddenly the flash, dazzling dazzling light waves are likely to lead to the patients with epileptic seizures, brain nerve function disorder, resulting in sharp sharp changes in brain voltage spikes. There is currently no effective cure method of epilepsy, the main reason is that the pathogenesis is still It is not clear. Therefore, it is very important to understand and master the change rule of human brain voltage under external light stimulation. It has important guiding significance for people to better study the pathogenesis of epilepsy, predict and improve the clinical treatment effect.
In this paper, we mainly studied the effect of different frequency and intensity of external light stimulation on the human brain scalp voltage. We studied the change characteristics of human brain voltage under different frequency and intensity under external light stimulation, and discussed the mechanism theoretically.
1. based on the electromagnetic field and equivalent current dipole neuron theory, theoretical calculation and analysis of the relationship between current stimulation and scalp voltage. The results showed that under different external electric stimulation, brain stimulation current and voltage change size is inversely proportional to the frequency, is proportional to the exciting current intensity. The results lay a theoretical foundation for the the necessary mechanism of light stimulation voltage change characteristics of brain at different frequency and intensity.
2. based on the EEG technology, study the different effects of light intensity on the scalp to stimulate the human eye brain voltage changes. The results show that with the same frequency but different brightness light irradiation time variation of scalp voltage of the brain is different: brightness is stronger, the scalp voltage is greater, whereas the smaller. On the basis of the experimental results for people to study brain voltage light stimulus magnitude effect provide meaningful.
3., based on EEG technology, we studied the effect of different frequency (color) light stimulation on human brain to the change of brain scalp voltage. The results showed that the smaller the external light frequency was, the bigger the brain scalp voltage was, and the smaller it was.
4. eye light is irradiated to the photoreceptor cells in the process of acceptance, hyperpolarization, light signals are converted to electrical signals. Based on the current results of brain stimulation voltage of the scalp voltage of light stimulation with different intensity variation characteristics were studied: the mechanism of light stimulation in patients with epilepsy eyes outside when the current amplitude caused by cerebral cortex nerve cell membrane by the greatly increased, making the scalp voltage change sharply. The stronger the light stimulation, cause cell membrane transmembrane current is stronger, the brain voltage change caused by the greater. When the light intensity caused by the transmembrane current exceeds a certain threshold, it will cause a a series of physiological or biochemical side effects induced by epilepsy. For further study of brain light stimulation effect, provide a meaningful theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of epilepsy and other brain diseases.
5. calculation models based on the derivation of the stimulation current scalp voltage changes, and changes in the relationship between the external light stimulation according to different frequency and voltage on the scalp, scalp voltage light stimulation with different frequency characteristics of mechanism: when the low frequency light to stimulate the eyes, the the cerebral cortex neurons in membrane current of low frequency, long cell discharge, and the number of neurons is more, so the voltage changes to test the scalp. Provide a meaningful theoretical basis for the study of neuronal optical frequency characteristics further.

【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R741.044

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