采用表面阵列电极的功能性电刺激系统研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 06:59

本文选题：功能性电刺激　切入点：便携式多通道刺激器　出处：《华中科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：功能性电刺激（Functional Electrical Stimulation，FES）通过小电流刺激患者肌肉组织，，引起肌肉收缩,从而使肢体产生动作，使瘫痪或衰退的肌肉重建或恢复功能，达到治疗和功能康复与重建的目的。表面式电刺激具有无创、使用方便等优点，但是也存在刺激准确度与选择性差的缺陷。本课题研制一种基于表面阵列电极的多通道FES刺激器，同时利用有限元方法对电刺激条件下人体前臂电场分布进行仿真，旨在优化表面电刺激的准确度与选择性。本文在FES的电生理学原理基础上，设计多通道便携式FES系统，该系统以C8051F020单片机作为主控制芯片，具有四路电荷平衡可独立控制的刺激通道，每个刺激通道的参数独立可调，且能输出五种不同的双相刺激波形，同时该系统还具有良好的人机交互界面，操作方便可靠。系统硬件部分包括控制模块、DA转换模块、输出模块、人机交互模块以及电源模块五个基本模块。系统软件的设计及其调试是在Silicon Labs IDE集成开发环境中进行的，通过软件中的波形产生模块实现了五种不同的刺激波形。系统实现后，通过人体实验对系统的性能进行了测试，实验表明本系统适用于人体功能电刺激实验，并且在设定合适的刺激信号参数后，能地引起刺激的目标肌肉不自主地收缩。本文进行了在2×2阵列电极刺激下人体前臂电场分布的有限元仿真，采用神经纤维激励函数表征外加电场对神经轴突电活动的影响，利用激励函数峰值和半宽度确定靶向性能的评价函数，对电极触点尺寸、间距及排列模式对电刺激靶向性能的影响进行研究，研究结果表明大小触点交叉排列、触点间距较小的表面阵列电极靶向性能最好。最后在此研究的基础上设计表面阵列电极。
[Abstract]:Functional Electrical stimulation (FESs) stimulates the muscle tissue of the patient with low electric current and causes muscle contraction, thus causing limb movement, and reconstructing or restoring the paralyzed or declining muscle to achieve the purpose of treatment and functional rehabilitation and reconstruction.Surface electrical stimulation has the advantages of non-invasive and easy to use, but it also has the defects of poor accuracy and selectivity.In this paper, a multi-channel FES stimulator based on surface array electrode is developed. At the same time, finite element method is used to simulate the electric field distribution in the forearm of human body under the condition of electrical stimulation, in order to optimize the accuracy and selectivity of surface electrical stimulation.Based on the electrophysiological principle of FES, a multi-channel portable FES system is designed in this paper. The system uses the C8051F020 single chip microcomputer as the main control chip, and has a four-channel charge balance and independently controlled stimulation channel. The parameters of each stimulus channel are independently adjustable.The system can output five different biphasic stimulus waveforms, and the system also has a good man-machine interface and is convenient and reliable to operate.The hardware of the system includes five basic modules: control module, output module, man-machine interaction module and power module.The design and debugging of the system software is carried out in the Silicon Labs IDE integrated development environment. Five different stimulus waveforms are realized by the waveform generation module in the software.After the implementation of the system, the performance of the system is tested through human body experiments. The experiment shows that the system is suitable for human functional electrical stimulation experiment, and after setting appropriate stimulation signal parameters,The target muscle that can cause irritation contracts involuntarily.In this paper, finite element simulation of electric field distribution in human forearm stimulated by 2 脳 2 array electrode is carried out. The effect of applied electric field on electrical activity of nerve axon is characterized by nerve fiber excitation function.The effects of electrode contact size, spacing and arrangement pattern on the target performance of electric stimulation were studied by determining the evaluation function of target performance by using the peak and half width of excitation function. The results showed that the contact size was cross-arranged.The surface array electrode with small contact distance has the best targeting performance.Finally, the surface array electrode is designed on the basis of this research.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.6

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