羟基磷灰石—壳聚糖载溶菌酶生物材料修复兔桡骨缺损的实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 23:35

本文选题：羟基磷灰石 + 壳聚糖　；参考：《天津医科大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：观察羟基磷灰石-壳聚糖载溶菌酶生物材料修复兔桡骨缺损的成骨效果,为人工骨材料的进一步研究和临床应用提供理论基础和实验依据,为骨缺损和骨不连的治疗提供新的途径。方法：取健康新西兰大白兔36只,体重2.5kg-3.5kg之间,雌雄不限。采用随机法将动物分为三组： A组：空白对照组；B组：自体骨移植对照组；C组：材料移植组。每组12只。将兔的双侧桡骨中段连同骨膜切除12mm长的骨段,做成标准的骨缺损模型。A组不做任何处理,B组植入原位骨,C组植入复合材料。分别于术后4,8,12W行大体标本观察,X线平片及病理切片组织学观察新型骨修复材料的成骨效果,对X线平片及病理切片组织学观察的结果采用Lane-Sandhu法,进行方差分析,并得出结论。结果： 1.大体观察显示B组和C组植入12W后骨缺损愈合,塑形基本接近正常。A组显示骨折断端封闭,未形成骨性连接。 2.X线平片显示随着时间延长,B组和C组骨缺损处骨痂逐渐增多,12W基本愈合,塑形完成,其中C组所植入材料逐渐降解,材料降解与骨长入几近同步,逐渐被骨组织取代。A组见骨折断端有部分骨痂形成,量少,12W时未见骨性修复,髓腔封闭,形成骨不连。用Lane-Sandhu法X线评分方差分析比较：A组与C组相比P0.05,差异有显著性；B组与C组比,P0.05,差异没有显著性；A组与B组比,P0.05,差异有显著性。 3.组织学观察在各时间段内,在纤维结缔组织、骨痂、骨小梁和类骨组织的生成量以及成骨细胞方面B组和C组均好于A组。用Lane-Sandhu法组织学评分P值：A组与C组相比P0.05,差异有显著性；B组与C组比,P0.05,差异没有显著性；A组与B组比,P0.05,差异有显著性。结论： 1.羟基磷灰石-壳聚糖载溶菌酶生物材料具有良好的生物相容性,植入后未出现毒性及异物反应,伤口愈合正常,未出现明显伤口感染、材料暴露和组织坏死。动物运动、进食、精神状态都呈现健康状态。 2.羟基磷灰石-壳聚糖载溶菌酶生物材料具有良好的骨传导性,能为新骨的形成提供支架,植入后,与骨组织的接触处及材料的内外表面均有骨形成。 3.羟基磷灰石-壳聚糖载溶菌酶生物材料具有良好的可降解性,植入后,随着时间的推移,复合材料逐渐降解,最终被骨组织所替代,且材料降解与新骨长入几乎呈同步性。 4.羟基磷灰石-壳聚糖载溶菌酶生物材料具有良好的成骨作用,可作为一种新型复合人工骨材料修复骨缺损,从而为临床治疗提供一条新途径。
[Abstract]:Objective: To observe the osteogenic effect of hydroxyapatite-chitosan loaded lysozyme biomaterials in repairing rabbit radius defect and to provide theoretical and experimental basis for further study and clinical application of artificial bone materials. To provide a new approach for the treatment of bone defect and nonunion. Methods: Take 36 healthy New Zealand white rabbits, weight between 2.5kg-3.5kg, male and female. The animals were randomly divided into three groups: group A: blank control group: group B: bone autograft group: group C: material transplantation group. There were 12 rats in each group. The bilateral radial midsection and periosteum were removed to make the standard bone defect model. Group A was implanted into the in-situ bone graft C group without any treatment. The osteogenic effects of the new bone repair materials were observed by X-ray plain film and histopathologic section respectively at 4: 8 and 12 weeks after operation. The results of X-ray plain film and pathological section were observed by Lane-Sandhu method, and the results were analyzed by variance analysis, and a conclusion was drawn. Results: 1. Gross observation showed that the bone defect healed after 12 W implantation in group B and C, and the plastic shape was close to normal. Group A showed that the broken end of fracture was closed and no bony connection was formed. 2. X-ray plain film showed that the callus of bone defect in group B and group C gradually increased and healed for 12 W, and the materials implanted in group C were gradually degraded, and the degradation of materials was nearly synchronized with bone growth. In group A, partial callus was formed at the broken end of fracture, and no bone repair was found at 12W, and the medullary cavity was closed, resulting in nonunion. There was a significant difference between group B and group C (P 0.05). There was no significant difference (P 0.05) between group A and group B (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between group A (P 0.05) and group B (P 0.05). 3. Histologically, the formation of fibrous connective tissue, callus, trabecula and osteoid tissue and osteoblasts in group B and group C were better than those in group A. The histological score of P: a group was significantly higher than that of C group (P 0.05) by Lane-Sandhu method. There was no significant difference between group A and group B (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between group A and group B (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between group A and group B (P 0.05). Conclusion: 1. Hydroxyapatite-chitosan loaded lysozyme biomaterials have good biocompatibility, no toxicity and foreign body reaction after implantation, normal wound healing, no obvious wound infection, material exposure and tissue necrosis. Animal movement, eating, and mental state all show healthy state. 2. Hydroxyapatite-chitosan-loaded lysozyme biomaterials have good bone conductivity and can provide scaffolds for the formation of new bone. 3. Hydroxyapatite / chitosan loaded lysozyme biomaterials have good biodegradability. After implantation, the composites gradually degrade and are replaced by bone tissue, and the degradation of the materials is almost synchronized with the growth of new bone. 4. Hydroxyapatite-chitosan loaded lysozyme biomaterials have a good osteogenic effect and can be used as a new composite artificial bone material to repair bone defects, thus providing a new way for clinical treatment.
【学位授予单位】：天津医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.08

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