血液透析信息平台的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-05-06 04:01

本文选题：血液透析 + 信息平台　；参考：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：慢性肾脏病进入终末期后需要进行肾脏替代治疗。近年来,随着慢性肾脏病的发病率的逐年上升,终末期肾病的患者人数在世界范围内逐年增加,与此同时,随着国家城镇医疗保险及新农合医疗保险的推进,针对大病慢性病的报销比例日益提高,患者就医比例和频次大幅增加。血液透析作为肾脏替代治疗的主要手段之一,目前接受治疗的患者人数日益增多,为了能更好地满足患者的需求,国内开展血液透析治疗的医院数量以及各医院血液透析中心的规模不断扩大。血液透析的治疗需要一个由医生、护理人员、工程技术人员组成的专业队伍来完成,血液透析中心一般配备反渗透水机、透析器复用机和大量的血液透析机设备。在血液透析中心,医务人员严格按照国家颁发的《血液净化标准操作规范》进行操作,各司其职：医生负责患者的诊断和治疗方案的制定,护理人员负责透析治疗的具体操作实施,工程技术人员则负责血液透析中心设备的维护与运转保养。由于血液透析患者不同于门诊和病房患者,其需要长期重复治疗,所以在血液透析中心需要记录的单据种类繁杂且数量较大,但是多年来血液透析中心的资料记录一直停留在手工记录的形式上,不仅工作效率低,而且极易出差错。随着计算机技术的发展,医院信息管理系统(HIS)已进入到医院的各个环节之中,针对医疗设备的信息管理的软件系统也日益增多,但用于血液透析管理的信息平台相对很少。本课题主要实现了血液透析中心工作的信息化改造,系统是以聊城市人民医院血液透析中心的实际工作为基础而开发的,是在充分了解医护及工程技术人员的需求后实现的。系统针对各类工作人员的工作性质划分了不同的功能模块,通过系统医生可以实现对患者信息的创建及管理,可以处理医嘱以及制定透析方案；护理人员可以调取患者信息及医嘱,执行医嘱并监控记录透析治疗过程中的病人体征数据及透析机状态数据；工程技术人员可以有效的对血液透析中心的设备进行管理；系统同时利用串口通信的方式将血液透析设备的各种参数集中显示到软件中央站上并存储记录到护理模块中；科室管理人员可对血液透析中心耗材及科室人员进行管理。系统是基于面向对象的C#语言开发实现的,根据信息平台的体系架构,综合运用了ASP.NET、ADO.NET和数据库等技术,在Visual Studio2008和SQL server2005的环境下完成了各功能模块的设计与开发,最后给出了系统的运行实例,验证了血液透析信息平台的可行性与有效性。论文最后对血液透析信息平台的开发进行了总结,并提出下一步工作的方向。
[Abstract]:Renal replacement therapy is needed after the end stage of chronic kidney disease. In recent years, with the incidence of chronic kidney disease rising year by year, the number of end-stage kidney disease patients in the world has increased year by year. At the same time, with the development of national town medical insurance and new rural cooperative medical insurance, The proportion of reimbursement for serious diseases and chronic diseases is increasing day by day, and the proportion and frequency of patients seeking medical treatment have increased significantly. Hemodialysis is one of the main methods of renal replacement therapy. At present, the number of patients receiving treatment is increasing day by day. In order to better meet the needs of patients, The number of hospitals carrying out hemodialysis treatment and the scale of hemodialysis centers are expanding. The treatment of hemodialysis requires a professional team of doctors, nurses, engineers and technicians. Hemodialysis centers are usually equipped with reverse osmosis water machines, dialyzer reusing machines and a large number of hemodialysis machines. At the hemodialysis center, medical personnel operate in strict accordance with the standard operating norms for blood purification issued by the state, and perform their respective duties: doctors are responsible for the diagnosis of patients and the formulation of treatment plans. The nurses are responsible for the implementation of dialysis treatment, and the engineers are responsible for the maintenance and operation of hemodialysis center equipment. Because hemodialysis patients are different from outpatients and ward patients, they need to be treated repeatedly for a long time, so the types of documents to be recorded at the hemodialysis center are complex and large. But for many years, the data record of hemodialysis center has been kept in the form of manual recording, which is not only inefficient, but also easy to make mistakes. With the development of computer technology, the hospital information management system (HIS) has entered every link of the hospital. The software system for medical equipment information management is increasing day by day, but the information platform for hemodialysis management is relatively few. The system is developed on the basis of the actual work of the hemodialysis center of Liaocheng people's Hospital. The system is realized after fully understanding the needs of medical and technical personnel. The system divides different functional modules according to the working nature of all kinds of staff, through the system doctors can realize the establishment and management of patient information, can deal with doctors' orders and make dialysis plans; Nursing staff can get patient information and doctor's advice, execute doctor's order and monitor and record patient's physical sign data and dialyzer status data during dialysis treatment, engineers and technicians can manage the equipment of hemodialysis center effectively. At the same time, the parameters of hemodialysis equipment are displayed in the software central station and stored in the nursing module by means of serial communication, and the management staff of the department can manage the consumables of the hemodialysis center and the staff of the department. The system is developed based on the object-oriented C # language. According to the architecture of the information platform, the ASP. Net / ADO.NET and database technologies are used synthetically, and the design and development of each function module are completed under the environment of Visual Studio2008 and SQL server2005. Finally, an example is given to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of hemodialysis information platform. Finally, the paper summarizes the development of hemodialysis information platform, and puts forward the direction of future work.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.6;TP311.52

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