SIRT1在维甲酸信号通路和干细胞分化中的作用及机制研究
发布时间:2018-05-06 19:05
本文选题:SIRT1 + CRABPⅡ ; 参考:《上海交通大学》2015年博士论文
【摘要】:维甲酸平衡在胚胎发育中起着至关重要的作用,维甲酸缺少和维甲酸过多均会导致先天畸形和发育缺陷。SIRT1,哺乳动物最保守的NAD+依赖去乙酰化修饰酶,是细胞代谢感受因子。SIRT1参与调控一系列细胞功能,延长哺乳动物寿命,并影响代谢和衰老相关的疾病。SIRT1全身系统性敲除小鼠导致多器官组织的严重发育缺陷。但是,SIRT1敲除小鼠发育缺陷的重要表型的分子机制还十分不清楚。本研究利用细胞体内同位素标记技术(SILAC)结合细胞,SIRT1全敲除转基因小鼠及SIRT1组织特异性敲除小鼠等实验模型,发现SIRT1参与并调控细胞内维甲酸信号通路,并通过去乙酰化修饰细胞内维甲酸结合蛋白Ⅱ(CRABPⅡ)调节小鼠胚胎干细胞分化。过度激活的维甲酸信号通路是小鼠胚胎发育缺陷的重要原因。具体研究结果如下:1.SILAC结合质谱分析发现,SIRT1 KO MEF细胞中CRABP蛋白高度乙酰化并存在多个乙酰化位点。2.CRABPⅡ是SIRT1的去乙酰化修饰底物,维甲酸诱导下SIRT1结合并去乙酰化修饰CRABPⅡ的K102位点。3.通过去乙酰化修饰CRABPⅡ,SIRT1在细胞水平和动物水平降低CRABPⅡ的细胞核转移并抑制维甲酸受体(RAR)的转录活性,从而下调维甲酸信号通路。4.SIRT1缺失引起维甲酸信号高度激活,从而导致维甲酸诱导的胚胎干细胞(m ESCs)分化明显增强,伴随分化基因诱导增加。5.Microarray进一步支持SIRT1在维持胚胎干细胞多功能干细胞潜能中非常重要。6.在SIRT1缺失m ESCs中进一步沉默CRABPⅡ能部分逆转SIRT1缺失m ESCs的高度分化表型。证明SIRT1通过对CRABPⅡ的调控来调节胚胎干细胞的分化。7.SIRT1缺失小鼠的多种发育缺陷,包括小鼠软骨内骨化中心矿化延迟,与其维甲酸信号高度增强呈显著相关。本课题研究发现SIRT1一个崭新的去乙酰化修饰蛋白底物CRABPⅡ,揭示了维甲酸信号通路的崭新分子机制,并点亮了SIRT1在胚胎干细胞分化潜能维持和胚胎发育中的重要作用。SIRT1是一个对细胞代谢和环境信号极其灵敏的关键代谢感受因子,因此这条SIRT1/CRABPⅡ/RAR信号通路将为影响动物发育的基因-环境相关研究提供新的理论基础和方向。
[Abstract]:Retinoic acid balance plays a crucial role in embryonic development. Retinoic acid deficiency and excessive retinoic acid lead to congenital malformations and developmental defects. SIRT1, the most conservative NAD in mammals, relies on deacetylation modifiers. SIRT1 is involved in regulating a series of cell functions, prolonging the life span of mammals, and affecting the metabolism and senescence related diseases. SIRT1 systemic knockout mice lead to serious developmental defects in multiple organs. However, the molecular mechanism of the important phenotypes of developmental defects in SIRT1 knockout mice is still unclear. In this study, it was found that SIRT1 was involved in and regulated the intracellular retinoic acid signaling pathway by using in vivo isotope labeling technique sil acid) and in combination with the experimental models of total knockout transgenic mice and SIRT1 tissue-specific knockout mice. The differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells was regulated by deacetylated retinoic acid binding protein 鈪,
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