激光诱导荧光诊断牙结石技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 00:38

本文选题：荧光诊断 + 牙结石　；参考：《沈阳理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：21世纪是生命科学与信息科学的时代，光学诊断是一种无损、高效、高灵敏的诊断方法，具有广阔的应用前景。本文利用激光诱导荧光原理，开展了荧光光谱像诊断牙结石和双色荧光诊断牙结石的研究，具体如下：首先，搭建了激光诱导荧光诊断系统，通过对比不同光源激发下牙结石和正常牙齿的荧光光谱特征，得到适合牙结石临床诊断的光源。在405nm发光二极管的激发下，正常牙齿和牙结石的荧光光谱存在显著差异，牙结石在510nm处有明显的荧光峰，而正常牙齿在510nm处产生的荧光非常弱，，几乎探测不到。在He-Ne激光器的激发下，牙结石的荧光波峰在680nm附近，而正常牙齿观测不到明显的荧光峰。在波长为635nm的半导体激光器的激发下，正常牙齿和牙结石都在680nm处产生了明显的荧光峰，但是在700nm之后只有牙结石的光谱能观测到荧光。其次，分析对比牙结石和正常牙齿的荧光光谱特征，建立诊断牙结石的灵敏诊断方法。利用荧光峰的区域面积(650-730nm)与反射光峰的区域面积（618-648nm）比值R S(618648)S(650730)来判定牙齿是否病变,得到的灵敏度和准确度高达90%以上。牙结石的表面覆盖猪肉组织后，以R=0.9为阈值仍然得到了93.3%灵敏度和100%准确度。最后，建立了一种诊断牙结石的双色荧光成像方法。根据正常牙组织和牙结石的荧光光谱特征，选择蓝色发光二极管（LED）为激发光源，利用红色滤光片和绿色滤光片分别与CCD相结合对样品进行伪颜色成像。通过对这两种荧光图像进行一定的数学运算来提高图像对比度。检测结果表明，利用单一的红色荧光或者绿色荧光成像很难区分辨别牙结石，然而，利用双色荧光成像方法能提高图像的清晰度和分辨率。这项研究将会为牙结石的清洗提供一种有效的诊断方法。
[Abstract]:The 21st century is the era of life science and information science. Optical diagnosis is a kind of nondestructive, efficient and sensitive diagnostic method, which has a broad application prospect. In this paper, using the principle of laser-induced fluorescence, the study on the diagnosis of dental calculi by fluorescence spectrography and two-color fluorescence was carried out, as follows: Firstly, a laser induced fluorescence diagnosis system was set up, and the light source suitable for clinical diagnosis of dental calculi was obtained by comparing the fluorescence spectrum characteristics of lower teeth and normal teeth excited by different light sources. Under the excitation of 405nm diode, the fluorescence spectra of normal teeth and dental stones were significantly different. There were obvious fluorescence peaks in 510nm, but the fluorescence of normal teeth in 510nm was very weak and could hardly be detected. Under the excitation of He-Ne laser, the fluorescence peak of dental calculi is near 680nm, but no obvious fluorescence peak is observed in normal teeth. Under the excitation of a semiconductor laser with wavelength of 635nm, both normal teeth and dental calculi have obvious fluorescence peaks at 680nm, but only the fluorescence can be observed in the spectrum of dental calculi after 700nm. Secondly, a sensitive method for the diagnosis of dental calculi was established by analyzing and comparing the fluorescence spectrum characteristics of dental calculi and normal teeth. The ratio of the area of fluorescence peak (650-730nm) to the area of reflection peak (618-648nm) is used to determine whether the tooth is diseased or not, and the sensitivity and accuracy are over 90%. After the surface of dental stone was covered with pork tissue, the sensitivity of 93.3% and the accuracy of 100% were obtained by using RD0.9 as the threshold. Finally, a two-color fluorescence imaging method for the diagnosis of dental calculi was established. According to the fluorescence spectrum characteristics of normal tooth tissue and dental stone, blue light-emitting diode (LED) was selected as the excitation light source, and the pseudo-color imaging of the sample was performed by combining the red filter and green filter with CCD, respectively. The contrast of these two kinds of fluorescence images is improved by mathematical operation. The results show that it is difficult to distinguish tooth stone by single red fluorescence or green fluorescence imaging. However, using two-color fluorescence imaging can improve the definition and resolution of the image. This study will provide an effective diagnostic method for the cleaning of dental calculi.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TN249;R318.51

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