细胞分类计数方法的研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 20:20

本文选题：细胞接触成像技术 + ELM算法　；参考：《电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：电子信息技术的发展越来越影响着对生物医学信号的检测、识别以及生物图像信号的处理等方面。从光学显微镜到电子显微镜,从CT到MRI(核磁共振)可见一斑。随着电子通信、信号处理、微芯片技术的飞速发展,以及生物医学中所碰到的一些难题,如何将前者的算法、处理方法运用到后者以解决实际中的问题成为本文研究内容。细胞分析仪是诊断常见疾病的一种重要仪器,其中对红细胞、白细胞的分类计数是其一个关键性性能技术指标。当人体感染某些疾病时,血液中不同种类的细胞的数量和细胞的形态会发生变化,医护人员可以凭借细胞分析仪尽早发现并量化这些数量的变化和形态的改变,越早的发现越有利于治疗。但目前商用细胞分析仪生产成本过高、设备仪器体积过大和细胞检验步骤过于繁琐等局限性都极大的限制了它的应用。因此低价高效微型便携的细胞分析仪逐渐成为火热的研究方向。本文以细胞分析仪(细胞的检测、分类识别、计数)为主要研究对象,分别从细胞接触成像、ELM算法、微流控技术、Coulter原理、磁珠实验等几个方面来研究相关技术,提出相应的基于接触成像的细胞分类计数方法和基于带磁微珠的细胞分类计数方法,并与目前商用细胞分析仪进行比较分析其性能,在达到临床诊断要求的精度的情况下可以极大的降低设备成本、简化细胞检测工序。本文的研究成果对于简单便携式低成本的细胞分析仪的设计具有极大的参考价值。同时本文的研究方法可以应用在更广泛的领域,例如可用于对类细胞物体的识别计数和对经过特殊处理后的粒子的检测(环境保护方面)等。
[Abstract]:The development of electronic information technology has more and more influence on the detection, recognition and processing of biomedical signals. From optical microscope to electron microscope, from CT to MRI (nuclear magnetic resonance) can be seen. With the rapid development of electronic communication, signal processing, microchip technology and some difficult problems encountered in biomedicine, how to apply the former algorithm and processing method to solve the practical problems becomes the research content of this paper. Cell analyzer is an important instrument for the diagnosis of common diseases, in which the classification of red blood cells and white blood cells is a key performance index. When the human body is infected with certain diseases, the number and shape of different types of cells in the blood will change, and doctors and nurses can use the cell analyzer to detect and quantify these changes as soon as possible. The earlier the discovery, the better the treatment. But at present, the cost of commercial cell analyzer is too high, the volume of equipment and instrument is too large and the steps of cell test are too complicated, which greatly limit its application. Therefore, low-cost and high-efficient micro-portable cell analyzer has gradually become a hot research direction. In this paper, the cell analyzer (cell detection, classification recognition, counting) as the main research object, respectively from the cell contact imaging algorithm, microfluidic control technology Coulter principle, magnetic bead experiment and other aspects to study the relevant technology. The corresponding cell classification counting method based on contact imaging and the cell classification counting method based on magnetic microbeads are proposed and compared with the current commercial cell analyzer. The accuracy of clinical diagnosis can greatly reduce the cost of equipment and simplify the process of cell detection. The research results in this paper have great reference value for the design of simple portable and low-cost cell analyzer. At the same time, this research method can be used in a wide range of fields, such as the recognition of cell-like objects and the detection of particles after special treatment (environmental protection) and so on.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R197.39

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