无线心电监护系统的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-05-16 23:25

本文选题：心电监护 + 人体通信　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球老龄化进程的加快和人们生活水平的提高，心脑血管等慢性疾病成为危害人们身体健康的头号杀手。对心电信号等生理参数的实时采集与监测能在一定程度上减轻或预防上述慢性疾病所带来的危害。由于现代医疗电子技术的发展，高效便携式的心电监护设备和系统逐渐进入了社区医院或家庭的日常诊断中。近些年来，，随着无线通信技术的发展，体域网通过在人体上佩戴或植入各种生理传感器节点，并将节点信息由无线通信发往远程终端，从而在不影响人们日常生活情况下，对人体生理信息进行不间断地实时监控和诊断，同时也使得低成本、低功耗、小体积的监护设备成为可能。目前这类系统主要是利用射频电磁波实现信号的无线传输。但是由于大气中各类电磁波的噪声影响以及信号发射的高能量消耗给低功耗、高可靠性的无线心电监护带来了挑战。本文提出了一种便携式、高可靠性、普通锂电池供电的无线心电监护系统。该系统采用人体通信技术实现无线心电监护，具有心电信号采集，传输和存储显示等功能。与传统系统相比，具有数据传输安全、可靠，高能效等优点。本文在人体通信原理和信道分析的基础上，设计了一种基于人体信道传输的半双工电容耦合型人体通信收发器：采用现场可编程逻辑器件、对数放大器、模拟比较器和带通滤波器设计了40MHz频段的OOK调制和解调电路，通过数字电路实现了8B/10B数据编解码。通过改进的SPI串行通信协议，利用ARM微处理器LPC2148实现对人体通信收发器的控制。在信号记录端，通过ARM微处理器的接口电路设计及嵌入式程序设计，实现了基于FatFs文件系统的SD卡文件存储功能，与个人电脑的USB通信功能以及其他一些辅助的存储和显示功能。同时在个人电脑端利用Visual C++设计了心电图的动态显示界面，可以实时观察接收到的心电信号。本设计中的心电信号是采用中科院深圳先进技术研究院自主研发的心电信号采集模块获得。本文在现有的心电采集技术的基础上，实现了基于人体通信技术的无线心电监护系统的设计。这为可靠、安全、低成本、低功耗便携式无线心电监护系统的设计提供了理论和实践依据。本系统集心电信号无线传输、存储和显示于一体，降低了传统心电监护系统的复杂性，推动了心电监护技术的进步，为体域网的研究奠定了良好的基础。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the global aging process and the improvement of people's living standards, chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have become the number one killer that endangers people's health. The real-time acquisition and monitoring of physiological parameters such as ECG signals can alleviate or prevent the harm caused by these chronic diseases to some extent. With the development of modern medical electronic technology, high efficiency and portable ECG monitoring equipment and system have gradually entered the community hospital or family daily diagnosis. In recent years, with the development of wireless communication technology, body area network, by wearing or implanting a variety of physiological sensor nodes on the human body, and sending node information from wireless communication to remote terminals, so as not to affect people's daily life. The real-time monitoring and diagnosis of human physiological information makes it possible to use low cost, low power consumption and small volume monitoring equipment. At present, this kind of system mainly uses radio frequency electromagnetic wave to realize the wireless transmission of the signal. However, due to the noise of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere and the high energy consumption of signal emission, the low power consumption and high reliability of wireless ECG monitoring bring challenges. In this paper, a portable, high reliability, ordinary lithium battery-powered wireless ECG monitoring system is proposed. The system uses human body communication technology to realize wireless ECG monitoring, and has the functions of ECG signal acquisition, transmission and storage and display. Compared with the traditional system, data transmission has the advantages of security, reliability, high energy efficiency and so on. Based on the principle of human body communication and channel analysis, a half-duplex capacitive coupled human communication transceiver based on human channel transmission is designed in this paper. Analog comparator and bandpass filter are used to design OOK modulation and demodulation circuit in 40MHz band. 8B/10B data coding and decoding are realized by digital circuit. Through the improved SPI serial communication protocol, the human body communication transceiver is controlled by ARM microprocessor LPC2148. At the signal recording end, the SD card file storage function based on FatFs file system is realized through the interface circuit design and embedded program design of ARM microprocessor. USB communication with personal computers and other auxiliary storage and display functions. At the same time, the dynamic display interface of ECG is designed by using Visual C on personal computer, and the received ECG signal can be observed in real time. The ECG signal in this design is acquired by the ECG acquisition module developed by Shenzhen Advanced Technology Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Based on the existing ECG acquisition technology, the design of wireless ECG monitoring system based on human body communication technology is realized in this paper. This provides a theoretical and practical basis for the design of reliable, safe, low cost and low power portable wireless ECG monitoring system. This system integrates ECG radio transmission, storage and display, reduces the complexity of traditional ECG monitoring system, promotes the progress of ECG monitoring technology, and lays a good foundation for the research of body area network.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.6;TN92

【参考文献】